Welcome to Kiokee Mastiffs

Just having Fun

2012-02-14T16:29:00.000-08:00

Who says Mastiffs aren't athletes? Here are Dolly & Wally-17 months old out having a good romp on a blustery day. These two are from my Gracie & Cooter litter (Sept 2010)--Dolly was my 1st pick girl, and Wally was my 2nd pick boy.

At one point, Wally was a bit smaller than the other boys. When I told potiential puppy buyers, he just needed some time and he would catch up--because the genetics was there; no one believed me. Well, look at him now! He now lives in Ohio, and will be starting his show career this spring.

Thank you Danielle Browning for believing in Wally, and for believing in me. I can't wait to see what this boy and his sister are going to become!!

Wally & Dolly's Dam--Ch. Kiokee Lionhearted Savin' Grace--is due with her second litter Feb 17th. I expect these puppies will be ever bit as good--or better than her first litter. I will be placing the 2nd pick female, and the 1st & 2nd pick males into show homes. If you are interested in a show potiential puppy from this litter, contact me at kiokeemastiffs@embarqmail.com

Catie Arney

Kiokee Mastiffs

Hickory, NC

Planned Bredding for Febuary 2012

2011-12-28T17:50:00.000-08:00

Due to my return to graduate school to complete my MSN, I will only be doing limited breeding in 2012. Since all my girls are now 4 years old (and some have never been bred)--it's a "now or never" situation. So it looks like early 2012 will be puppy time here at KioKee Mastiffs.

I am very pleased to announce a joint breeding with Jim Bennett of Morrigan Mastiffs of Veal, Georgia. Jim's lovely boy, Brian--Ch. Morrigan's Storm at CastleGate--has been bred to my girl Gracie--Ch. KioKee Lionhearted Savin" Grace.

Brian-Ch. Morrigan's Storm At CastleGate

I had the pleasure of showing Brian this past Summer/Fall and completing his AKC Championship. He has begun working on completing his AKC Grand Championship and hopefully we can complete it in 2012 (around my graduate school schedule!!). Brian is a ringside favorite where he goes. He has a rock solid temperament, beautiful smooth movement, and personality to spare. He has an amazing pedigree that include MCOA Hall of Fame dogs (including Jim's Ch. Clas Myrrdin's Morrigan HOF), MCOA speciality winners, and is an excellent example of the Mastiff Breed. Needless to say, he is Jim's pride and joy.

Gracie- (14 months old-2nd Major)
Ch. KioKee Lionhearted Savin' Grace

Gracie is the product of 5 generations of my breeding. Her puppies will have 4 full generations of clear health testing behind them. Her pedigree includes MCOA Hall of Fame dogs, Canadian Speciality winners, and some of the top winning, producing lines here in the USA and Canada. Gracie is a solid, strong bitch with a beautiful head, deep body, and wide fore chest. Her first litter produced some very nice puppies, and I expect this litter will have some outstanding show quality puppies.

Gracie is a sweet loving mother and devoted companion. Gracie is definately my dog--she loves Mitch and Leila--but I am her special person. Needless to say, I think she is a very special girl. Gracie completed her AKC Ch. from the Bred By Exhibitor class and was qualified for the Eukanuba dog shows in 2010 & 2011.

As I have stated before, these puppies have been bred from some of the top winning and producing lines here in the USA and Canada. In a 4 generations pedigree of this litter, only 6 of 30 dogs are not AKC Champions-- it's a true "Champion Bred pedigree". For those looking for a well-bred healthy show puppy, or just a beloved family companion--you could find no better Bred Mastiff. Check out the litter pedigree below.

For over 25+ years, I have made it my goal to breed only Mastiffs free of health and temperament issues. This litter will be a 5 generation KioKee Breeding based on dogs who are conformational correct, intelligent, trainable, and sound in body and Mind. These puppies will be dogs any owner can be proud to own at home or in the show ring.

For those interested in seeing more of Jim's boy, Brian, and learning about the dogs in his pedigree--you can go to Jim's website at http:///www.morriganmastiffs.com or you may e-mail Jim at jamesgilbertbennett@yahoo.com. Brian is also available to health tested bitches of merit.

Serious inquires relating to the puppies from this breeding or other available KioKee Puppies can be made at kiokeemastiffs@embarqmail.com.

If you have been placed on the general waiting list and would like to discuss owning one of Gracie & Brian's puppies, please re-contact me. I recently lost the hard drive on my home computer and lost all my dog files. Unless we have corresponded within the past 3 months, I may not have your information.

Catie C. Arney KioKee Mastiffs Hickory, NC

Puppies, Puppies, Puppies!

2011-09-19T18:24:00.000-07:00

I am very excited to announce that we just completed the breeding Between Babe & Hope. Keep your fingers crossed for us! If all goes well we should have the patter of little Brindle and Fawn feet in Mid-November.

This is a litter that I am very happy to see be bred. Babe is one of the last dark brindles bred by Gloria Davis of Lionhearted Mastiffs' Hope is also bred from Gloria's lines--she is a Max (Ch. Lionhearted Maximum Power, CGC) Daughter--and these two dogs represent some of Gloria's best lines. Before Hope was placed with Lillian, I discussed with Gloria a future breeding with Hope & Babe and she approved of this combination--A Max Grand-son and a Max Daughter. So, in my heart, I know it's a breeding that Gloria would have been proud to see happen.

I love both of these dogs and I can't wait to see what they produce. I am proud that I can help preserve the Lionhearted lines and see that Gloria's lines continue to produce the dogs she was so proud to own and call her lifework. The dogs Gloria was the proudest to call her own were the Mastiffs that she had bred who lived as beloved pets, companions, and as therapy dogs. As her friend, I also take great comfort in knowing I can continue that tradition.

No, this is not a so called "tribute breeding". It's simply putting the correct dog with the correct bitch. The proof will be in the dogs that are produced, the lives they live, and the jobs they do everyday. Enough said.

Comments or requests for additional information may be forwarded to me at kiokeemastiffs@embarqmail.com.

Catie Arney KioKee Mastiffs

Announcing A Planned breeding

2011-09-05T19:55:00.000-07:00

Hope winning Best of Opposite Sex at the Greenville, SC shows in July 2011--completing her AKC Grand Championship!.

Babe Winning Winners dog and Best of Winners at the Greenville, SC shows in July 2011 for a 4-point Major to complete his AKC Championship.

We are so happy to announce the planned breeding of Hope, (GCH. Ch. Kiokee Lionhearted Hope and a Prayer) with Babe (Ch. Lionhearted Dark Avenger). Both of these lovely dogs are owned and loved by Mrs. Lillian Tolley Welnec of Mars Hill, NC. We will be a co-breeder on this litter and will also be assisting Lillian in the raising and placement of these puppies.

It's an exceptional pedigree and should produce some lovely dark brindles and hopefully a few fawns. Both parents have lovely temperaments, beautiful correct conformation, and are fully health tested.

We expect some very nice puppies suitable as companion or show dogs. Any inquires for additional information can be made to me at kiokeemastiffs@embarqmail.com.

Catie C. Arney Kiokee Mastiffs Hickory, NC

How To Avoid Poorly bred Puppies.....

2011-06-27T10:47:00.000-07:00

Before you set out to buy a Mastiff puppy, here are some important points and information to assist you in making an informed decision about your puppy. The following was written by Jan Lanz of Goldleaf mastiffs--and I think it says it all.

"Mastiff breeders are becoming more and more concerned with the large number of poorly bred puppies that are being sold to the unsuspecting puppy buyer. Many of these puppies end up having numerous health problems and poor temperaments. We have been working together and have come up with a list that we feel could be indications of an inferior bred puppy, and what you, the puppy buyer, should be aware of when searching for your new addition. These red flags are listed below.

First and foremost, NEVER purchase a puppy from a pet store. These puppies are usually raised by irresponsible backyard breeders or puppy mills and rarely have any pedigree or health information available.

You should also never buy from someone that sits in front of a store and has a box of adorable little puppies for sale. Once again, rarely does the seller have any health or pedigree information.

Listed below are some of the red flags you may want to watch for when searching for a responsible breeder.....

Lack of health testing of parents before breeding - may mention they "know their lines" and testing is unnecessary. Responsible breeders feel strongly that health testing is necessary to limit the chance of producing an unhealthy puppy. If absolutely no health testing can be verified, you should look for a puppy elsewhere.

Pedigrees that display "convenience breeding" rather than selected breeding. A dedicated breeder will have selected the two dogs they breed to produce puppies very carefully, and will be familiar with all their parents. Some indications of "convenience breeding" or puppy mill breedings are no champions, very young or old parents, and/or the breeder is unfamiliar with any of the dogs in the pedigree. Ask for a 3 generation pedigree. Beware of a breeding that may have been done from convenience or a puppy mill, rather than a thoughtful selection for the best possible puppy.

Someone that produces puppies in mass quantities and/or is breeding several different breeds of dogs at one time. This can be a tricky one.... Some very responsible breeders produce higher amounts of puppies than others breeders. They health test their dogs, take good care of them, participate in AKC events, and produce some very nice puppies. Not all responsible breeders are the same and this is where the pedigree research and a close relationship with your breeder comes into play. The goal here is to AVOID puppy mills.

Someone that can not answer breed specific questions. A responsible breeder should always be able to give you specific information about the breed, such as known health issues that are associated with that breed.

Someone that does not register their dogs with UKC (United Kennel Club, AKC (American Kennel Club) or the CKC (Canadian Kennel Club), but may use a different registry such as the Continental Kennel Club - be careful...the last two clubs mentioned use the same initials). If a breeder does not offer AKC registration, it is usually because the parents are not AKC registered and very likely came from a backyard breeder or puppy mill.

Someone that fails to ask you (the buyer) questions about your home, family, environment for the puppy, etc. A responsible breeder cares deeply for the health and happiness of the puppies they produce. Their goal is to make sure all their puppies go to a safe, secure, loving home and if they fail to ask you questions, it's a good indication that they do NOT put the well being of their puppies first. You should continue your search for a breeder that cares deeply about their puppies.

A low priced puppy is more than likely a poorly bred puppy. Responsible breeders spend large amounts of money on reproduction, health, showing, etc. There are too many expenses to list at this time, but if you see a puppy priced very low, chances are you would not be getting a quality bred puppy. Another indication is a breeder that charges a low amount and/or a "click here to pay for your puppy" on their website or allows their puppies to be purchased on credit. We feel that if a puppy must be purchased on credit, the family may not be financially secure enough to take care of unexpected medical expenses. Mastiffs are a giant breed and vet care can become very expensive in no time.

Back yard breeders and puppy mills can and do sometimes charge higher amounts for their puppies to "mask' their poor breedings. They fool people into believing that a higher priced puppy is a well bred puppy. This is not true and again, pedigree research becomes very important.

Of course, there are exceptions to the above, but we feel that this is a good place to start. Our goal is to help the puppy buyer find a responsible breeder who can provide them with a healthy, happy puppy. If we can help you or answer any of your questions, please feel free to contact us."

Jann LanzGoldleaf Mastiffs

Jan presents some very good food for thought. There is one other thought I would like to add; As a puppy buyer NEVER buy a puppy based on an emotional response.

"Oh, he just looked so sad, and he was in such an awful place!"
" I just knew he would die if I didn't take him!"
"Once I picked him up, I just could not leave him!!"

BYB and puppymillers bank on playing to your emotional responses--and your good and kind hearts. Sadly, this allows them to clear the way for their next litter of puppies. Often the buyer ends up with the heart ache of a sick and ailing puppy that often looks nothing like the breed they are suppose to represent.

You can pay up front--or you can pay later. Be an informed and educated buyer. Look for a breeder who strives to breed happy, healthy puppies from health tested parents that are good representatives of the breed.

Catie C. Arney Kiokee mastiffs Hickory, NC
kiokeemastiffs@embarqmail.com

Safe Organic Pesticides

2011-06-15T14:59:00.000-07:00

Summer is fast approaching, and for those of use who love to garden--crop pests will soon become a concern. Often we need to consider what is safe to use on our plants that will not harm our pets and family.

My approach is to do what farmers did hundreds of years ago--use one of several home remedies for removing insect infestations from my garden plants. Why use harmful chemical pesticides (yes, the very same ones that have been linked to cancerous activity) when you can use an all-natural, inexpensive, organic method to put those bugs out of your garden?

Here are a few well known and extremely effective organic pesticides for your home garden.

(1) . Soap, Orange Citrus Oil & Water

Mix 3 tablespoons (45ml) of liquid Organic Castile soap with 1 ounce (30ml) of Orange Oil to 1 Gallon of Water. Shake well. This works very well against slugs and can be sprayed directly on Aphids, ants and roaches. I use it in my dog houses for fleas. Has a pleasant smell. Keep out of the sun. Should be good for 2-3 weeks.

(2). Onion & Garlic Spray

Mince 1 organic garlic clove and 1 medium organic onion--add 1 quart of water. Let it stand one hour--strain it through some cheeze cloth. Then add 1 teaspoon of cayenne pepper and 1 tables spoon of liquid soap to the mix. Has a strong odor. Great to use on Tomatoes ( and Roses, too!). If stored in the refrigerator it will hold it's potency for 1 week.

(3). Neem Oil

Neem oil is the most powerful natural pesticide known to man and was highly revered by ancient Indians to ward off pests. It has an extremely bitter taste and can be use to deter your pets from chewing/eating your plants. To make a spray--take 1/2 ounce (15ml) of high quality organic neem oil and 1/2 teaspoon(2.5 ml) of mild organic liquid soap (Dr. Bronners peppermint will give it a pleasant smell) to 2 quarts of warm water. Slowly stir--add to a spray bottle and use immediately.

(4). Salt Spray

This works great on Spider mites. Mix 2 tablespoons of Crystal Salt into 1 gallon of warm water and spray on infected areas.

(5). Mineral Oil

Mix 10-30 ml of high grade mineral oil with 1 liter of water. Stir and add to a spray bottle. Works great for dehydrating insects and their eggs.

(6). Citrus Oil and/or Cayenne Pepper Mix

Another great organic pesticide for Fleas & ants. Mix 10 drops of Citrus essential oil with 1 teaspoon of cayenne pepper and 1 cup of warm water. Shake well and spray in affected areas.

(7). Eucalyptus Oil

Need to shoo away flies, bees and Wasps? Simply sprinkle a few drops of Eucalyptus oil where the insects are found. Within a few minutes they will be gone.

(8). Chrysanthemum Flower Tea

Chrysanthemums hold a powerful plant chemical called component pyrethrum which invades the nervous system of insects rendering them immobile. Take 100 grams of dried flowers, place in 1 liter of water and boil the flowers for 20 minutes. Strain cool, and place in a spray bottle. This spray can be stores for up to 2 months. To enhance this spray's effectiveness, add some organic neem oil.

(9). Tobacco Spray

Tobacco spray was once a very common pesticide for killing pests, caterpillars, and aphids--it a good spray for fruit trees. Take note: it can not be used on members of the solanaceous family (tomatoes, peppers,, eggplants, etc.)

Take 1 cup of organic tobacco and mix it into 1 gallon of water, and let it set 12-24 hours. After 24 hrs, the mixture should have a light brown color--if it is very dark, add more water. Strain and place in spray bottle.

(10). Chile Pepper/Diatomaceous Earth

Grind 2 hand fulls of dry chilies into a fine powder and mix with 1 cup of diatomaceous earth. Add to 2 liters of water and let set overnight. Shake well before applying.

(11). Soap

Any soap will kill fleas. I use a cheap liquid Laundry detergent--add 1 1/2 cups to a 5-gallon bucket, and add water with a sprayer hose. As it suds and foams up--I spread out the soap foam and kennel floors, inside dog houses, on gravel , in the yard, and anywhere I think there may be a flea infestation--and them "wash" or spray it in--and let it set for 15-20 minutes. If needed, I will come later come back and wash it down with a good clear rinse. Great for sandy soil yards and gravel dog runs.

As a breeder, I do not like to use any chemicals around my puppies or my adult dogs. I have found these organic pesticides to work quite well.

Catie C. Arney Kiokee Mastiffs

Any comments can be e-mailed to me at kiokeemastiffs@embarqmail.com

Show Update--Asheville, NC June 11th & 12th, 2011

2011-06-15T08:46:00.000-07:00

There is no spot more lovely than Asheville, NC in Late Spring-Early Summer. With the gorgeous blue sky, Mountains in the distance, and the smell of wild mountain heather blooming; It just makes you want to pull up a chair and sit for a spell to soak it all in.

As usual, the Asheville Kennel club held a wonderful show , and this year it was inside in the new Air Conditioned building at the Western NC Fairgrounds in Fletcher, NC. We had Parking available with full hook-ups for the campers-and a great time was had by all.

We were lucky enough to have 10 Dogue De Bordeauxs entered for a 4-point major in the bitch class both days. It was nice to see a few new faces outside the ring, and we had a very nice selection of DDBs.

Our Judge on Saturday was Mr. Thomas J Feneis who has judged this breed outside of AKC for several years. The winners were:

Best Of Breed--Ch. Heavenly Acre's Bubba owned by Jeff Whisnant of Morganton, NC.
Best Of Opposite Sex/Winner's Bitch (4-pt major) Lakeshore's Carma Park Ave. Owned by
Leland Ward of Lithoplis, Ohio.
Best of Winners/Best of Winners/Winner's Dog (4-pt Major)-Emberez Rumba owned by
Stefan Romascanu of Durham, NC
Select Dog-Ch. Rising Star's I'll Fly Away owned by Pam & Victor Smith of Vonore, TN.
Reserve Winner's Dog-Too Salty's Aces High owned by Jeff Whisnant
Reserve Winner's Bitch-Too Salty's Queen of Hearts owned by Jeff Whisnant

Our Judge on Sunday was the lovely Mrs. Nancy Liebes. The winners were:

Best of Breed-Ch. Rising Star's I'll Fly Away
Best Of Opposite Sex/Best of Winners/Winner's Bitch (4-pt major)-Mount Sinai's Ireland Shannon owned by Viola & Jim Shannon of Lakeland, TN
Select Dog-Ch. Heavenly Acre's Bubba
Reserve Winner's Dog--Too Salty's Aces High
Reserve Winner's Bitch-Too Salty's Queen of Hearts

Congratulations to all the winners!! A special congrats to Mr. Jeff Whisnant on his new AKC Grand Champion--Bubba. With the Select dog win on Sunday, Bubba obtained all the necessary points and wins for his Grand Championship--not bad for an 18 month old boy!!

We also had a very nice entry of Mastiff--a total of 15 on Saturday and 16 on Sunday with a 4-pt major in dogs both days. It was nice to see so many familiar faces--and a few new ones, too.

Our Judge on Saturday was Mr. Thomas J. Feneis. The winners were;

Best of Breed-Ch. Kiokee Lionhearted Hope and A Prayer owned by
Lillian Tolley Welenc of Hot Springs, NC.
Best of Opposite Sex-Ch. Lazy D's Spartacus At Her Majesty's Request owned by
Kevin & Lisa Williams of Simpsonville, SC.
Best Winners/Winner's Bitch (4-pt Major)-Caledonia NY's Charmed & Dangerous
(New Champion!!) owned by Babrielle & Eddie Sartin of Angier, NC
Winner's Dog(4-Pt major)-Gunther Willows Run Away Carlin owned by
Dan & Robin Carlin of Statesville, NC
Reserve Winner's Dog-Lakewood-Pisgah's Pride of Abby & Havoc Owned by
Robert N. Poteat and Crystal G. Landreth of Boiling Springs, SC
Reserve Winner's Bitch-MeadowFarm's Major Looker owned by Thomas & Tamare Sholes
of Maiden, NC

We had a replacement judge on Sunday--Mrs. Barbra Finch who did a wonderful job.

Best of Breed--Ch. Kiokee Lionhearted Hope and a Prayer
Best of Opposite Sex-Lazy D's Spartacus At Her Majesty's Request
Select Bitch-Ch. Caledonia NY"s Charmed & Dangerous
Best of Winners/Winner's Dog (4-pt major)-Gunther Williows Run Away Carlin
Winner's Bitch (2 pts)-MeadowFarm's Major Looker
Reserve Winner's Dog-Palmetto's Pisgah Alliance owned by Don Martin and
Eric Tumbleson of Taylors, SC
Reserve Winner's Bitch-Dandylions Athena At Her Majesty's Request owned by
Kevin & Lisa Williams of Simpsonville, SC.

I am especially proud of Hope (Ch. Kiokee Lionhearted Hope And A Prayer) owned by Lillian Tolley Welnec and bred by myself. Hope was one of my Canine Herpes puppies; at one point my vet told me she would never live (WBC count <500). Mitch, Leila, and myself all worked endlessly to save her. She had a huge abscess on her lower abdomen which we dressed and cleaned for 3 weeks.

Later, because she had a scar on her side from the abscess and had been sick as a puppy--no one wanted to buy her. When she was placed at 7 months, she was shown and finished her AKC championship at 1 year and 2 weeks of age--but her first owner decided against keeping her. So, Hope came back to me and I placed her with Lillian where she is loved and treasured.

It's the little moments like these that makes being a breeder worth while. When Hope looks up at Lillian you can see the love and devotion in her soft warm eyes. Each time when I see her--those same eyes light up as she greets me--she remembers me. She wraps herself around me and tells me, "Thank you."

When this lovely girl steps in the ring, I get tears in my eyes. This strong, loving, beautiful bitch lets me know I was so right to fight for her. I see so much of her wonderful sire in her--Gloria Davis' Max (CH Lionhearted Maximum Power CGC)--and I know in my heart where ever Gloria is--she is smiling. Thank you Max.

Any comments may be directed to me @ kiokeemastiffs@embarqmail.com.

Cathy (Catie) C. Arney Kiokee Mastiffs

It's Show time!!

2011-04-03T21:01:00.000-07:00

Well, the past few months have been very busy for us. I have had the wonderful opportunity to handle and show some very nice Dogues De Bordeauxs owned by Jeffery Whisnant of Too Salty Bordeaux in Morganton, NC.

Bubba--now known as CH. Heavenly Acre's Bubba--finished undefeated in 6 shows including a BOB win from the classes. We have continued to show him as a very young special and hope to complete his GCH title within a few weeks. Bubba is also the #9 DDB in the Breed rankings. Not bad for a 16 month old youngster!

Rosie--Mount Sinai's Kilo of Roses--bred by Paula Duvall--has also hit the ground running. Rosie won WB for a 4-pt major her first week end out showing and her second on the Raleigh, NC circuit. A few more singles and Rosie will also be an AKC Champion. Rosie continued her winningg ways and completed her Ch from the 9-12 month old class. Rosie has also won BOB from the 9-12 class!

Less we forget the really big dogs--Brian the Mastiff--Morrigan's Storm at Castle gate owned by the Jim Bennett family in New Carrollton, Ga has also made a strong showing in the ring with BOB wins in Raleigh and Concord, NC and completed his AKC championship in Gray Tennessee in May. I am so pleased to be able to present and show this wonderful dog. Thank you Jim and Laura for allowing me to take this beautiful boy and show him. He is a joy and brings a smile to my face every time we step into the ring.

People-- If you want to see a conformational correct Mastiff that is a true working dog--you need to meet Brian! When he wins--it's because of the dog--not the handler!! We have stood toe to toe with some of the best and held our own!! Everywhere we go people just migrate to meet him.

As the summer progresses, I will showing less until it begins to cool off. Me and the dogs intend to watch the tomatoes grow and play in the pool!

Catie C. Arney Kiokeemastiffs@embarqmail.com

Lionhearted Mastiffs and Gloria Davis Update

2011-02-16T14:54:00.000-08:00

It's been a year since the word of Gloria Davis disappearance first surfaced. There have been no new leads into her disappearance. There has essentially been no activity on her Social security, banking, or other personal information. Gloria's family and friends have had no direct or personal contact.

Kazia Burgess Martz continues to stand by her story that Gloria is alive and responsible for the gross abuse and neglect of the Lionhearted dogs. Kaiza (AKA Kathy Hand, Cat Miller) did produce witness in court who stated they had spoken to Gloria. These individuals spoke to a voice on the phone--they had not seen or spoken to Gloria in person. At best, this verification is suspect.

My question is--"If Gloria is alive as Kazia claims, why can't the FBI, the SC SLED organization and the local authorities FIND her?" In a year's time--there has been no evidence that Gloria is alive anywhere.

Someone, somewhere has knowledge of this case. if you feel you have information to contribute to the investigation of Gloria Davis's disappearance, PLEASE contact Detective Wayne Mills at the Anderson County Sheriff's Department.

Any comments can be made to me kiokeemastiffs@embarqmail.com.

Catie C. Arney/

Cooter & Gracie's Puppies--12 weeks old

2010-11-28T12:03:00.000-08:00

Show quality Fawn female

Yellow Collar Fawn Male-Pet quality

Blue Collar Fawn Male--pet quality

(Lf) Black Collar Fawn Female, (Rt) Yellow Collar Fawn Female

We still have 4 very nice Fawn puppies to place from our Cooter & Gracie litter born 9/6/2010--2 males and 2 females. Puppies are priced $1500.00 to 1800.00. All four are very nice puppies and would make wonderful family companions.

If you would like additional information on any of these puppies or our planned breedings for 2011, contact me at kiokeemastiffs@embarqmail.com.

Catie C. Arney Kiokee Mastiffs Hickory, NC

Cooter and Gracie's puppies --10 weeks old

2010-11-16T22:00:00.000-08:00

We have one fawn male (pet quality--$1500.00) and 2 fawn females ( Show/breeding quality--$1800.00 ) left to place. All 3 are very nice puppies.

Here are a few photos I took this past Sunday.

If you would like more information of the puppies from this litter--e-mail me at kiokeemastiffs@embarqmail.com.

Catie Arney Kiokee Mastiffs Hickory, NC

Gracie & Cooter's Babies--7 weeks old

2010-10-24T18:33:00.000-07:00

This past Saturday was a perfect day-- a perfect day to get all the puppies nice and clean and try and take a few photos!

This litter is growing nicely--beautiful heads and stocky bodies. I do have a few "sable" colored fawns--which I think maybe long hair puppies. I will be completing the DNA test within the next 2 weeks for answers and to positively identify which --if any of these puppies are true long hairs.

Of course, the two I picked at birth are in this group !! The longer hair only affects their appearance and is consider a cosmetic fault (like too much white)- within the breed standard. They are still Mastiffs with all the love, devotion and grandeur of this breed.

The long hair puppies will be placed as pets only, with a limited AKC registration and a spay/Neuter clause in their placement contract. I usually price the LH puppies at $1000.00 to 1200.00.

Catie kiokeemastiffs@embarqmail.com

Gracie & Cooter's babies--3 weeks old

2010-09-27T18:01:00.001-07:00

We reached a milestone here--3 weeks, the eyes are open their teeth are coming in--and they can EAT!! Thank goodness! I always sigh a deep sigh of relief when they begin eating.

Sometimes it takes a few days for the puppies to catch on and learn how to eat from a dish. I have learn to give them gruel in a bottle for about a week (between 2-3 weeks of age--then when they "smell" the gruel in the dish--they know to eat it. It works!

This bunch of puppies are 13 chow hounds! They all ate exceptionally well from the first try!

Finally, Leila an & I can get more than 3 hours sleep each night! LOL!

Catie

kiokeemastiffs@embarqmail.com

Happy Labor Day!!

2010-09-06T14:10:00.000-07:00

Here is our "lucky 13" all packed up and ready to leave the Vet Office and go home.

Well. it was "labor" day here in another sense--Gracie delivered us 13 puppies this morning by C-section. We have 7 Males and 6 females--all fawns. The total weight of all the puppies was 22.9 lbs--that's a lot of puppies!!

Momma Gracie is doing just great--stretched out snoozing in the living room. Once we got home we did out first feeding--All the puppies nursed just great and Gracie is going to be a wonderful mother (Thank Goodness!). I also gave each puppy their first bottle feeding--and they all ate like little pigs!

It has been a stressful 48 hours--Gracie was been restless and showing early signs of labor. I didn't want to take her in too early for her c-section--so the plan I had worked out with my vet was to wait until I felt certain she was in labor. We had a c-section scheduled for Tuesday--but Gracie had her own time table. Puppies just don't wait.

Between 500am and 900AM, Gracie began to leak ammiontic fluid--and I then knew she was in labor. A call was placed to my Vet--and our c-section was moved up and scheduled.

A huge thank you to Dr. Tom Wallrichs DVM and all his wonderful staff for a job well done and beyond the call of duty. They all came in on their Holiday to make sure Gracie had a safe delivery--and we had a litter of healthy puppies. The entire procedure moved like a well oiled machine.

Tom and his partner (Wellborn) have been my Vets for over 10 years--and I love them all at The Animal Hospital of East Burke. It has been essential to the well being of my dogs to have a vet who will work with me. For me. they are the standard of care I hold and compare all other vets. All You guys are the best.

So this Labor day I am very thankful to have my girl here with her 13 puppies safe and well.

Catie Arney

kiokeemastiffs@embarqmail.com

Update--Lionhearted Mastiffs & Gloria Davis

2010-03-31T20:38:00.000-07:00

Sadly, Gloria Davis still remains missing. None of her family or close friends have had any contact with her since the news of the abuse situation in Anderson, SC became known. The ongoing investigation by several law enforcement agencies (FBI, SLED, ACSD) has not produced any leads on the location of Gloria Davis.

Ms. Kazia Burress Martz had her day in court. Due to Ms. Martz's claim that Gloria was present "everyday" during the time frame when the dogs were neglected and abused and Ms. Davis was the sole person who was responsible for all of the care of her dogs, and with no evidence available (at that time) or presented to contridicte this story -- a ruling was found by the court in which Ms. Martz was not held liable for the neglect and abuse of the Lionhearted dogs. However, she was found gulity of the charges relating to her dogs.

Ms. Matrz was fined in court ($455.00) , paid her fine, and had the ownership of all her dogs returned to her. As owner of the property under South Carolina law, a property owner can be awarded ownership of "abandoned" property-- Ms. Martz was also awarded the ownership of all the Davis dogs. A few days later, an agreement was reached with Ms. Martz, and she signed over ownership of all of the Lionhearted dogs to Anderson Animal control.

The Lionhearted dogs have been adopted out through the Anderson Animal Shelter into loving homes. Myself, many of Gloria's Friends, and others in the Mastiff community are enternally grateful to the hard working staff at the Anderson Animal Shelter for their dedication and care in healing and helping to place these abused and neglected dogs.

Michelle Dodd Powers and all her staff have gone many miles beyound the call of duty. Thank you just doesn't seem to be enough.

During her trial, Ms. Martz produced two individuals who collaborate parts of her story and have sworn under oath that they have seen/spoken to Gloria Davis--the FBI, SLED, and the local authorties have been unable to vertify these statements as facts, nor have any law enforcement agency been able to obtain any leads in order to locate Ms. Davis.

Many of us have asked--If Gloria Davis is still freely traveling with in the Anderson/Clemson, SC area (as Ms. Martz claims), why can't law enforcement locate her? Why is it only a few of Kaizia's close "friends" reportly have seen/spoken to Gloria? Why is it none of Gloria's family or friends have been contacted by Gloria? Too much of the "truth" spoken by Ms. Martz rings hollow.

If anyone has seen Gloria Davis or has spoken to her in person since 2/1/2010--please contact the Anderson county Sheriff's Department--Detective Wayne Mills is in charge of this investigation.

If you think you may have any information vital to this investigation--please contact Detective Mills.

FYI--It has been reported by an out-of-state Mastiff breeder that Ms. Martz posing as a "cousin" has recently contacted them via e-mail inquires and by phone and is attempting to buy Mastiff puppies with full AKC registrations. Let the Seller beware.

I would advise any breeder contacted by Ms. Kazia Burress Martz seeking to buy any dog/puppy to investigate her fully before placing/selling any dog or puppy to her. As with any unknown buyer--vertify references before placing any dog/puppy.

Catie Arney, Kiokee Mastiffs, Hickory, NC

Questions or comments can be e-mailed to me at kiokeemastiffs@embarqmail.com.

LIonhearted Mastiffs--English Mastiff Breeder Missing

2010-03-01T14:23:00.000-08:00

Gloria with JC--Lionhearted Man in Black --winning Winner's dog and Best of Winners at the Mastiff supported entry in Trenton. NJ in 2008.

Ch. Lionhearted Maximum Power CGC

For those of us who love and cherish our dogs, nothing can stir the emotions to a boil any quicker than an animal Abuser. Animal cruelty is simply not acceptable--whether you are Micheal Vicks, a puppy mill, or a well known breeder.

I and many other English Mastiff breeders/owners/fanciers network extensively through Internet sites and our on going personal relationships. Many of us have had life long friendships sealed by our love of dogs. Kindred spirits seek the companionship of like minds. Yet, sometimes what we think we know about an individual is far from the truth. Sometimes what we are told can lead us to believe a lie.

I have know of Gloria Davis of Lionhearted Mastiffs for over 25 years. Gloria will proudly point out how she has over the years bred some outstanding dogs--many of which are in prominent pedigrees. Until recently, We have never been close friends but have always shared a common love for certain Mastiff lines. We both can recall seeing many of the great dogs from the 1980's and 1990's that help establish the pedigrees of so many of our outstanding dogs today.

Although I have not always agreed with how she raised and kept her dogs--they were always happy, healthy, and appeared well fed. Over the years, frequent accusations have surfaced relating to how Gloria breeds and maintains her dogs--the term "puppy mill" has arose more than once. With no visible steady source of income (i. e. a job)--it appears the sale of puppies is at times her sole source of income. At times over the years, In years past, She also gradually collected several different breeds of dogs, and has even bred a few "designer" dogs for the pet market lending conformation to the "puppymill" label. This fact alone set her up for criticism by many in the Mastiff community.

Three years ago, I bred one of my lovely girls to Gloria's Max-- Ch. Lionhearted Maximum Power CGC --a beautiful wonderful dog who epitomizes what this breed is all about. My Gracie and Hope are his AKC Champion daughters. Max gave me a beautiful litter which simply made me love him even more.

After this time, I knew Gloria had some financial difficulties; I knew that she was looking for a partner to assist her in raising her dogs; and I also knew that she struggled to find a location where she could raise her dogs in the manner she wanted. We had many a discussion on our personal struggles--how the love of this breed and the breeding of these dogs was all consuming. It was a life work for both of us. She knew she had an open door and a ready ear in my home anytime she needed to discuss or talk to someone.

She discussed with me of her future plans to relocate with some friends to the New Mexico area and set up a boarding kennel. There she would finally have a home and a place that was proper and correct to breed and raise her Mastiffs in the manner of which she had dreamed.

It was during this breeding and my stay with Gloria that I got to see the woman I came to respect and call friend. We shared stories of our childhood ( we were both raised in the Florida panhandle) and we shared our beliefs on family, friends, love, and Mastiffs. I grew to know her as a kindred spirit--a woman who had been through hard times, a survivor, and a woman who truly loved her dogs with all her heart and soul. When she spoke about her dogs--she spoke from her heart.

She confided to me that her dogs were her anchor in life and her purpose here on earth. Her Mastiffs was what kept her going when things were bad--her dogs were her inspiration and her reason for living. She told me about her past struggles and difficulties; both personal and within the mastiff community--after hearing so many rumors for so many years, I finally got to hear her side of the story.

I went home with a very different viewpoint of Gloria and her dogs. I saw a kindred spirit in her. We were both had come from very similar back grounds--we were both strong independent women who could be short and blunt to a fault--which sometime made it hard for people to appreciate us. Neither of us were "flowery" with our words--we were both short and to the fact. We understood each other. Over the past few years, I developed a deep respect and friendship with her.

Gloria was so proud of Max when he won the Veterans Class at Bucks. She also showed his son, JC from the BBE class and won Winner's dog at the Trenton show. Two really big wins that gave her a sense of pride for her dogs and her breeding program. For her, It was a long over due affirmation that she was on the right road.

Thus over time, we began to talk frequently and corresponded about our dogs, our families and our lives. No matter where she moved--or how bad her life was--she always called me , wrote me, or e-mailed me and kept in touch. We had many a long phone call at nights talking about life and our dogs.

She called me in November of 2009--all excited about moving to SC--we laughed and joked about her being closer to me. We discussed and planned a breeding. It was a discussion full of hope and joy shared by two friends who loved their Mastiffs.

Gloria promised to get in touch with me as soon as she settled in her new location in SC--our breeding was planned for early March and she told me she would touch base with me by February. It was the last discussion I ever had with her.

Ch. Lionhearted Maximum Power CGC winning Best veterans at Bucks ( shown by Kelly)

Tuesday, February 16th, 2010 at 1000am, I received an e-mail from a friend of Gloria's In Australia with pictures attached showing a large fawn Mastiff dog lying dead on the frozen ground in a so-called dog pen. It took me several seconds to register that this was Max--beautiful wonderful, sweet loving Max. My mind could not process this information--my gut instantly knew something was very wrong. My immediate thought--where is Gloria?

The pictures were dated 2/9/2010--they had been taken a week earlier by Kazia Burress Martz, Gloria's current room mate and business partner. I immediately began making calls and sending e-mails to both the Kazia (the property owner where both her and Gloria were living) and to Gloria asking what had happened and I did offer my help. I did not receive any response to my phone calls or e-mails which further alarmed me. In the past, Gloria has always answered my calls/emails with in a few hours.

By mid-day Tuesday, as a handful of friends and Mastiff owners began to contact each other-- a horrible story was slowly uncovered and revealed. None of us were able to believe what we were being told and shown. It simply did not match what we knew about Gloria, but more alarming was that none of us had been in contact with Gloria for some time.

Another individual who had received some of the same photos and knew the location of where Gloria and Kazia were living in SC and had contacted and reported the dead dogs to animal Control in Anderson, SC. Animal Control was on the premises by 1100am and attempted to inspect the kennels. The Entrance was locked and the property owner, Kazia Martz, refused AC access to the property. Ms. Martz was read her rights and arrested. A search and seizure warrant for the dogs was obtained and Animal Control entered the property. One additional adult Mastiff was also dead--making a total of 8 adults intially found dead on the property

As Animal control began to inspect the entire property, 2 puppies approximatly 2-3 weeks of age were also found inside a trash barrel partially burned.

At the time of the initial investigation by Animal control, Ms. Martz stated that all the dead adult dogs had starved and died. However, as noted in the AC report, at least 5 had been shot in the top of the head. While most of the dead dogs had been dead 3-4 weeks--one had been dead at least 4-6 weeks; none of the dead dogs were in extreme poor weight. The seven surviving adult dogs on the property were in extremely poor condition, but five 4-5 month old puppies were in relatively good shape.

Ms. Martz also had her own dogs on the property that were in slightly better condition, and she identified all of the dogs within the house as hers. The dogs seized on the property that Tuesday were all identified by Ms. Martz as belonging to Ms. Davis.

At first, I was angry; how could I be so wrong about someone? But as I began to ask questions, the answers just did not match up. When I asked about the dead dogs on the property--Kazia told me AC had picked them up--AC told us that the dogs were still on the property and Ms. Martz was responsible for removing them and had been instructed to do so

After two days of sitting home in shock and anger, confused by conflicting information; I drove to the property to see for myself. My purpose was to remove the dead dogs to be cremated, but I also went to see for myself what was true and what was fiction.

Within minutes of stepping into this death camp, I knew Gloria Davis was not responsible for what I saw. No breeder who had spent the greater portion of her life protecting , loving and cherishing her dogs would do what I was now seeing. Gloria would have never left Max dead on the ground; she would have never shot any of her dogs, and she would have never left JC--her future and the pride and joy for her Lionhearted line starving.

None of the dead dogs I picked up to be cremated that day had died from exposure or starvation--they had been shot. Most looked to be in good condition--One female weighed almost 230lbs. One female had been dead for a longer period of time and advance decomposition which did not allowed for a good evaluation of weight, but the remaining 6 were all in fair weight. One dead dog was taken by AC for a necropsy and as evidence.

When I asked Ms. Martz where was their owner, Gloria Davis--I received an elaborate rambling tale. Ms Matz stated Gloria has set up house with a new "love" --Susan-- who lived somewhere in the Clemson, SC area. She stated Gloria & Susan had returned to the property, removed and taken some pen panels, and then returned to the property sometime in the preceding 48 hours taking at least 2 adult dogs on two separate occasions. Previously in e-mails, Ms. Martz stated that both Gloria and "Susan" had taken 10 dogs from the property and were on their way to Florida.

The authorities to this day have not been able to establish the existence of any "Susan". It appears that no such person exists.

When one adds the number of surviving dogs, the deceased dogs, and the 4-5 dogs that Ms. Martz reports as having been removed--the total is greater than the number of dogs Ms. Davis Left from Tenn when she moved to SC in November 2009. If one also calculates in the alleged "10" other dogs--we have a total that is over twice what they both owned when they left Tennessee and moved to South Carolina.

Ms. Martz also stated that Gloria had returned on several occasions to pick up mail and personal belongings after these dogs died. However no one has seen Gloria on the property in at least a month. Gloria's SUV sits in the driveway and Ms. Martz admits to using this same SUV for the last few months. Gloria's personal property, dog papers, cell phone, and computer all remain there in the house on the Anderson property.

While I was on the property I was witness to questionable behaviors by Ms. Martz. At times she was threatening toward me and she expressed delusional idealization. I was witness to her picking up a dead cat, placing it inside her jacket, rocking and holding it like a baby. If asked any questions or for information, Her responses were jumbled and often unrelated to the question asked. I was not able to get any direct answers from her. She continued to parrot the same story over and over--like a well-rehearsed song.

Until the other volunteer arrived, I simply kept repeating I was there as a volunteer and all I want to do was get the dogs and take them to be cremated. It's a gross understatement to say I was uncomfortable with her actions and her behaviors.

The photos taken by Ms. Martz on 2/9/2010 show no permanent shelters-- all of these dogs only had a tarp or a few pieces of tin to shelter them from the wind, rain snow and cold. It appears the pens were never completed--no houses or permanent shelters have ever been erected. This type of kennels was also out of character for Ms. Davis.

These dogs have been living outside in below freezing weather for over a month in conditions that would have killed a healthy dog--much less one weakened by parasites, disease, and hunger. Inside of the pens one can see where the surviving dogs dug down into the dirt trying to stay warm. There were no feces in the pens--it appeared that the dogs ate their own waste in an effort to stay alive. Each of these pens were within 20-30 feet of the back door and each dog was easily visible as one entered and left the home.

All of These dogs lay on the cold, wet ground with no permanent shelter from the wind, rain and snow--these dogs were outside existing in these conditions during some of the coldest weather SC has experienced in several years.

Thankfully, Animal Control in Anderson, SC was contacted early Tuesday Morning.

Today, these dogs are warm, fed, and safe. They have received life saving medical care. No longer do they suffer alone. Their health is fragile at present and some may still not survive. The authorities stated that some of the living dogs were less that a day from death.

Animal Control did return to the property a few days later and confiscated all animals on the property, including all of Ms. Martz's dogs, 5 cats, and a parrot.

I would like to thank the authorities in Anderson for their prompt response after being notified. I also want to thank them for the love and care they have given each and every dog.

As some of us who knew Gloria were reeling from the bits and pieces of information of this story; we began to touch base and share information. Each of us noted that we had received no direct communication (no phone calls ) from Gloria for an extended period of time--most of us have not spoken directly to her since late November/ early December. Some of us had received responses to e-mails that simply were not written as Gloria would have responded. We all independently came to the same conclusion--we now doubt that those communications came from Gloria.

It has been proven that while Gloria was in Kentucky doing a breeding November 27-29th--Kazia was logging onto Gloria's e-mail account and send out e-mails while Gloria was in Kentucky and on the road. We now know Ms. Martz had access to Gloria's e-mail account.

Gloria always kept in touch with her parents in Florida. She had promised to visit them over the holidays, and she did not visit as she had planned. When her parents tried to reach her--Ms. Martz was the only person they ever reached. After some time of not being in contact with their daughter, they filed a missing persons report. They also received a Valentine Day's card from "Gloria" and they have identified the hand writing as not being Gloria's.

A bizarre story has slowly been revealed. A story shaped by half-truths, lies and mispreceptions. It seems that the only source of information on Gloria's disappearance is Ms. Martz.

It should, be noted that Ms. Martz states she had reported the Mastiffs as being abandoned and had contacted Mastiff Rescue and scheduled an appointment to have them evaluated on Thursday 2/18/2010. Why not call the local authorities?

Some of us question if involving Rescue was an effort by Ms. Martz to keep the authorities out--after all she had initially denied them access to the property and was less than cooperative. Why keep out the authorities if you have nothing to hide?

Why state the dogs had starved to death when they had been shot? Authorities did find a gun hidden on the properly when returned the second time to search. A gun identified by Ms. Martz as belonging to Ms. Davis.

Ms. Martz has claimed to have been out of the home and away while these dogs were being neglected. She has stated she was receiving Medical care during this time period. Ms. Martz can not provide any proof to substantiate her claim. All evidence points to her being present on the property while the dogs were being neglected.

Currently this case is still under investigation. Animal control has not filed any charges nor listed a responsible party for the abuse of these dogs. Gloria Davis is considered a missing person and has been entered into the National data bank for missing persons by the FBI.

The Location Of Gloria Davis is still unknown.

Warning Graphic images to follow:

Anyone who has any information related to this crime, please contact the authorties at Anderson County Animal control or Anderson Sheriffs Department.

If you have had any personal contact or have seen Gloria Davis since Januray 1st, 2010--please contact the authorities.

Post script--I would also like to state for the record--I, too, bought the original story as told by Ms. Martz and my intial post was much different. I have edited it and revised it to reflect current information that we now know to be correct.

Catie Arney Kiokee Mastiffs Hickory, NC

kiokeemastiffs@embarqmail.com

"Champion" pedigrees

2010-01-13T14:03:00.000-08:00

One of the more frequent questions I am asked by puppy buyers is , "What is a 'champion Pedigree'?" Good question. We can find this phrase used in many a puppy ads to advocate the value of the puppies being offered for sale.

First, ask to see the pedigree of the litter (the puppies being sold)--look to see where and how many of the dogs within that pedigree are AKC Champions. One champion 5-6 generations back can be called a "champion pedigree" by a seller.

IMO-- not all dogs that are champions should be bred--I have seen a few that I feel are not breeding quality. Just as there are some non-champions who are wonderful, sound dogs that are breeding quality. A championship is not always a guarantee of quality. It is a fact--that If you put enough money into a dog, put the right professional handler on it, and show it long enough--you can finish it and get a championship. It happens.

When you see dogs shown and finished from the BBE class (Bred By Exhibitor)--that means the owner/breeder showed the dog and all wins were obtained with the breeder/owner showing the dog. I respect a championship more that is won in this manner.

So, why value an AKC Championship? When a dog receives his Championship that means he has been evaluated by different judges at different times, awarded wins (points), has been judged and measured up to the breed standard, and found to meet said standard--i.e. the dog has been assess to be of "breeding" quality. It's a way that we breeders evaluate our breeding stock.

So, when you have one champion 4-6 generations back--does that insure quality? No. It simply means there was once a champion bred behind that particular line.

I tell puppy buyers looks for litter pedigrees where one or both parents are champions--That tells me the breeder at least has had one of the parent evaluated as to quality. Parent with champion parents (the litter grand-parents) often means that someone went out and bought dogs from a breeder--and is now breeding them. Yes, they could be very nice dogs--or they may not be of "breeding" quality. They could just be pets.

Not all great athletes sire children who become great athletes--some do and some don't. Same with dogs. Each generation needs to be evaluated as to quality BEFORE breeding. A breeder should strive to breed the best possible bitches to the best possible studs.

BTW-- Just because you love a dog is not a reason to breed it. If you have a true "pet" quality dog--don't breed it. Spay or neuter it--and love it. Don't justify breeding dogs with health issues, temperament problems, and conformational faults because you want a puppy from it!

A dog that had hip dysplasia is going to pass that health issue on to it's puppies--a dog with a temperament problem ("Oh, she is just shy--she only bites if someone startles her")--is going to pass those traits on to it's puppies. No breeder should pass on health and temperament issues to another generation of dogs!

I have also seen where Mastiff ads voice the quality of the puppies based on the number of "Hall of Fame" dogs within the pedigree. Once again, if neither parent is a "Hall of Fame" dog--it's just a statement of the dogs behind in the pedigree.

FYI--What is a "Hall of Fame" dog? The Mastiff Club of America (MCOA) Hall of Fame (HOF) is a award that is only given to members. For a Female to win this award she must produce 5 AKC Champion puppies--they do not need to be all from the same litter , thus can be sired by different studs. For a Male to win this award, he must produce 10 champion puppies; males are required more champion get because males can be bred more frequently.

The HOF award is a wonderful achievement for any breeder and is highly coveted by MCOA members. A HOF award is a testimony to the ongoing quality of a breeder's program and is a true measure of the overall quality of puppies produced by the dog who has won it. It says nothing about a dog that is 3 generations removed.

"Let the Buyer beware"--ask for explanation of the pedigree. Don't be taken in by the "pedigree shell Game"--throwing around a few titles and big names does not insure quality. Look to see that a breeder is actively evaluating their breeding dogs( do they show?); do they actively test and clear all dogs of health issues before breeding?; can they answer questions and provide accurate information about the dogs they are breeding?; and most importantly--how long have they been breeding?

You don't become an expert within a breed by going out buying a few dogs and breeding them. To become a good breeder you need to educate your self about pedigrees, current health issues, and have an ongoing evaluation of the dogs produced and used with the breeding program. One must apply themself to the ongoing study and improvement of this "craft". It don't just happen overnight.

Read those puppy ads carefully. Ask questions. Be an informed buyer.

I welcome any comments or questions. I can be contacted at kiokeemastiffs@embarqmail.com. Thank you.

Catie Arney Kiokee Mastiffs Hickory, North Carolina

2009 in Review

2009-12-12T11:43:00.000-08:00

Well, as for many folks--2009 was a long and at times, a difficult year for us. We had a lot of changes and experiences, but we all worked together and muddled through it all.

We lost Mitch's dad in March 2009. Pop developed kidney failure and required dialysis 3 times a week. It took everyone's cooperation to care for him, but we were able to keep him at home. Pop was a proud man, strong willed and a bit stubborn--but we loved him and honored his wishes. The last few months were hard, but he knew we loved him. We will miss him.

In April, Mitch went out on the road driving long distance. For 6 months, he gave it his best shot--but he just was not happy being away from home. So back home he came. He got lucky, and took a job here close to home--so now I get to cook every night! LOL!

We had another big event in April--my daughter Amiee and her husband, JR became the proud parents of a baby boy--John Richard Snow. FINALLY! We have a boy in this family! Needless to say, we all think he is very special. John is named for his grandfathers--Amiee and JR's dads. I think he is going to be a redhead--so he does have just a little bit of Cook (my maiden name) in him after all! LOL!

Both my old ladies--Vidalia and Zena made it through the winter. Zena had been completely deaf for the last 3 years, and her eye sight was failing her. At one point during the winter, she stopped eating--and I felt sure the end was near. But she improved and began eating again, and was her old self again. Zena would spend most of the day lying on the south side of the house, waiting and watching for me to come home each day. She would always greet me as I opened the car door to give me a kiss. Vi developed problems with her right front leg--Initially I thought is was arthritis in an old elbow break--but an x-ray showed a tumor and we suspected the worst.

Both these grand old ladies left me in April. It was a sad day and extremely hard to say good bye to both of them on the same day. Zena was 1 month short of 13 and Vi was 2 months short of 12 years. These old girls were the last of my Maddie daughters and the heart of my breeding program. I see so much of each of them in their kids and grand kids. They will always be special in my heart.

In May, we went to Fontana Dam, NC and the MCOA National Speciality. So many beautiful Mastiffs from all over the country--what an experience. Diesel got 3rd in Open Fawn--Jimbo made the cut in the 12-18 month class, Gracie was shown in the BBE class, and Cooter was showed in the BOB competition. It was a great experience and one I hope to be able to repeat again.

We also showed at a few shows in June. Gracie's litter sister--Hope (Ch. Kiokee Lionhearted Hope and a Prayer) won BOB over 7 male specials at the Asheville, NC Show. Hope was proudly shown by her owner. Lillian Tolley Welenc. It was a wonderful win for Hope and Lillian.

In July, we finished Gracie (Ch. Kiokee Lionhearted Amazin" Grace) at the Greenville, SC shows. Gracie finished from the BEE class and is qualified to be entered at Eukanuba for 2009 & 2010. Gracie also turned 2 in July. When we get her health testing completed, we have a lovely breeding planned for her in 2010.

We spent most of August and September raising a litter of puppies--Rose & Leo's-- that we co-owned. It was a lot of work, but it was a good change. This was the first litter we have had here in almost 2 years. Rose was a wonderful mother and she produced some lovely puppies.

In October, we welcomed a new face here at Kiokee. A beautiful bullmastiff girl--Starrdogs SYLO at Kiokee--bred by Kathy Roberts of Acworth, Georgia. From day one, she came into this house and stole our hearts--esp. Mitch's. Sylo is a bundle of energy and very different from the Mastiffs! She is best friends with Gidget. She reminds he of her sire--Ch. Starrdogs He's A Player--who was one of the top ranked Bullmastiffs in 2009. We look forward to showing her in 2010.

In November, Our Mona delivered us 2 beautiful Brindle boys that look so much like their sire--Boss. Sadly we lost her a few hours after the c-section. Although, I know this is a chance we take anytime we breed one of our girls--Mona was the first Mother I have lost in 25+ years of breeding. The first few days were rough, but both of these little men (T-Beau and Piggy) were robust and healthy. I think they will do their Momma proud.

We hope to get back out and start showing again in 2010. We have some nice breedings planned and we have a few changes planned for 2010. We hope that all of our friends and family have a warm and happy holidays.

We wish you a happy and healthy 2010. Catie

Don't Get Your Kids a Puppy for Christmas.

2009-11-11T12:18:00.000-08:00

Lots of well meaning parents and families think it's a great idea to get a new puppy at Christmas. For some, the idea of a sweet warm cuddly bundle of fur under the Christmas tree is often just too big of a temptation to turn down. We see evidence of just this type of marketing by many back yard breeders and puppy mills--they intentionally breed to have puppies available at Christmas and advertise them as Christmas gifts.

First of all--never buy any puppy as a "surprise" gift for someone. How can you be sure that the recipient is ready and willing to care for a pet? How do you know they want a pet--and how do you what kind of pet is right for them?

As a breeder--I would NEVER sell a puppy that is to be given as gift. What happens to the puppy if the new owner doesn't want it--or can't provide for it? Giving a puppy as a "gift" is not a reason to buy a puppy. No ethical breeder would ever sell a puppy to be given to a second party-esp. someone they have never met or interviewed.

Secondly--the holidays can be stressful and confusing for us humans--how do you think a new puppy would feel? The confusing and ever changing environment can be overwhelming for a 8-10 week old puppy. Most children would quickly forget and ignore a puppy for the other more entertaining presents. Who is responsible for it's care? In most cases the puppy get shuffled off to a crate somewhere out of the way. Visitors coming into your home can present a management problem, too--esp. children who do not know proper pet etiquette. Too many changes and too many stressors.

Anytime you bring a new puppy into your home, the first few weeks should be kept as stress-free as possible with no changes in your home routine. Your puppy will adapt and fit in much quicker and easier if your home routine is stable. The holidays are not the time for "routine".

Some new owners think nothing about placing their "brand" new puppy in a boarding Kennel for a few days up to a couple of weeks while they leave and go out of town. This places the puppy is a very dangerous position to be exposed to illness and to suffer emotional trauma due to the separation and isolation from it's family. Talk about Stressors!

Those of us who work with rescue also see an influx of 6-7 month old (and older) puppies a few months after Christmas. The "cute" is gone; the puppy is not housebroke; the puppy is untrained; the puppy has behavior problems; They are just too "busy" for the dog, the puppy was a "gift" and now they don't want it.

At about this same time, We also begin to see the unsold Older Christmas puppies show up in animal shelters--once the cute is gone, they can't be sold--so they are dumped to make room for the next litter of "cute" puppies. Christmas gift puppies just are not a good idea.

So for all of you potential puppy buyers who are looking for a "Christmas puppy"--don't call me. I do not and never will sell or place puppies during the holidays.

It is my humble opinion that the holidays is not the best possible time for a puppy to enter your home. Boarding any puppy before it has completed it's puppy shot series is just asking to have your puppy get sick--or die. I always offer a "come to Grand-Ma's house" for my puppy owners--if they need to leave and go on Vacation--their dog can come back to saty with me. I don't like to see my puppies boarded until they are at least 2 years old.

The stress and turmoil of the holidays could also set up behavior issues that could take you months to correct and possible alter your dog's temperament for the rest of it's life. Often what we as humans view as insignificant can be life-altering to a puppy and lead to the development of a behavioral problem. I.E.: Visiting relative's children who are too rough with a puppy could alter it's attitude toward children leading to a lifetime distrust of children.

So as a parent, grand-parent, breeder, and dog owner; my advice is don't get your kids a puppy for Christmas. Wait until after the first of the year--put up your holiday decorations, settle back into your home routine, and then bring your new baby home.

A puppy is not a "fad" gift or a holiday whim. A dog is forever. Before getting your new canine family member, Please wait until you and your family are prepared and ready. Make it a homecoming you will always remember.

Catie C. Arney, Kiokee Mastiffs, Hickory, NC
kiokeemastiffs@embarqmail.com

Health Testing for Thyroid Issues in Mastiffs

2009-07-06T16:07:00.000-07:00

What is the purpose of testing for thyroid problems in our dogs? As breeders, it is essential that we identify those dogs that are phenotypically normal for our breeding programs and to gather data on the genetic disease autoimmune thyroiditis. Since autoimmune thyroiditis is considered genetic, it is important that we screen and eliminate affected dogs from our breeding programs.

Hypothyroidism is the most common endocrine disorder in dogs and almost 80% of these cases result from autoimmune thyroiditis. Although thyroid dysfuction is the most frequently recognized endocrine disorder, it is often difficult to make a definitive diagonosis.

Think of your thyroid as the" gas pedal' to your dog's body--it regulates the metabolism of all body cellular functions, thus reduced thyroid levels can manifest in a wide range of clinical signs. Since many of these clinical signs minic other causes, recognizing thyroid disease can be problematic.

Here are some common Clinical Signs of Canine Hypothyroidism:

Alterations in Cellular Metabolism
weakness / stiffness / laryngeal paralysis / facial paralysis / tragic expression / knuckling or dragging feet / muscle wasting / megaesophagus / head tilt / drooping eyelids.

Neuromuscular Problems

lethargy / mental dullness / exercise intolerance / neurologic signs polyneuropathy / seizures / weight gain / cold intolerance / mood swings hyperexcitability-- this can also include unexplained sudden aggression) / stunted growth / chronic infections.

Dermatologic Diseases
dry, scaly skin and dandruff / coarse, dull coat / bilateral symmetrical hair loss / rat tail, puppy coat / hyperpigmentation / seborrhea or greasy skin pyoderma or skin infections / myxedema / chronic offensive skin odor.

Reproductive Disorders
infertility of either sex / lack of libido / testicular atrophy / hypospermia aspermia / prolonged interestrus interval / absence of heat cycles / silent heats / pseudopregnancy / weak, dying or stillborn pups.

Cardiac Abnormalities
slow heart rate (bradycardia) / cardiac arrhythmias / cardiomyopathys/ Gastrointestinal Disorders constipation / diarrhea / vomiting.

Hematological Disorders
bleeding / bone marrow failure / low red blood cells / low white blood cells / low platelets.

Ocular (Eye) Diseases
corneal lipid deposits / corneal ulceration / uveitis Keratococonjunctivitis / sicca or dry eye / infections of eyelid glands (Meibomian gland).

Other Associated Disorders
lgA deficiency / loss of smell (dysosmia) / loss of taste / glycosuria / chronic active hepatitis / other endocrinopathies adrenal, pancreatic, parathyroid.

How do you test for thyroid problems?

Each dog tested is to examined by an attending veterinarian and have a serum sample sent to an OFA approved laboratory for testing as per theOFA guidelines. The laboratory will process the blood result and send it to OFA. OFa will then issue a certifiaction based on the lab result. Some breeders will screen their dog each year with a simple blood test and not do a new OFA certification.

I do screenings at 1 year of age, 2 years of age, before each breeding, and I submit an OFA test between 3 and 5 years of age. A dog may be "clear" at 2, 3 or even 4 years of age and then develop thyroditis at a later age. All stud dogs should have a yearly screening for as long as they stand at stud. All bitches should have a screening test done before any breeding. This is my personal practice and one I recommend to others who breed.

OFA will issue A breed database number to all dogs found to be normal at 12 months of age. Ages will be used in the certification process since the classification can change as the dog ages and the autoimmune disease progresses. OFA recommends that reexaminations occur at ages 2,3,4,6, and 8 years.

An evaluation of dogs under 12 months of age can be performed for private use of the owner, but it should be noted that few dogs are already positive at that age. For this reason, OFA will not issue a certification.

All data, whether normal or abnormal is to be submitted for purposes of completeness. There is no OFA fee for entering an abnormal evaluation of the thyroid into the data bank. Information on results determined to be positive or equivocal will not be made public (you can not find it listed on the OFA site) without explicit written permission of the owner.

What are the Thyroid Abnormalities that you test to find?

Thyroid abnormalities fall into several categories—two types will be defined by the registry. They are: Autoimmune Thyroiditis and Idiopathically Reduced Thyroid Function. Autoimme thyroiditis is known to be heritable

FYI--Sometimes a result maybe called"Equivocal"--that simply means is is neither negative or positve--it's undertermined. For those dogs with laboratory results that are questionable, therefore not definitive, it is recommended that the test the repeated in three to six months.

Autoimmune thyroiditis is the most common cause of primary hypothyroidism in dogs. The disease has variable onset, but tends to clinically manifest itself at 2 to 5 years of age. Dogs may be clinically normal for years, only to become hypothyroid at a later date. The marker for autoimmune thyroiditis, thyroglobulin autoantibody formation, usually occurs prior to the occurrence of clinical signs. Therefore, periodic retesting is recommended.

The majority of dogs that develop autoantibodies have them by 3 to 4 years of age. Development of autoantibodies to any time in the dog’s life is an indication that the dog, most likely, has the genetic form of the disease. Using today's technology only a small fraction of false positive tests occur.

As a result of the variable onset of the presence of autoantibodies, periodic testing will be necessary. Dogs that are negative at 1 year of age may become positive at 6 years of age. Dogs should be tested every year or two in order to be certain they have not developed the condition. Since the majority of affected dogs will have autoantibodies by 4 years of age, annual testing for the first 4 years is recommended. After that, testing every other year should suffice.

Unfortunately, a negative at any one time will not guarantee that the dog will not develop thyroiditis.

The registry data can be used by breeders in determining which dogs are best for their breeding program. Knowing the status of the dog and the status of the dogs lineage, breeders and genetic counselors can decide which matings are most appropriate for reducing the incidence of autoimmune thyroiditis in the offspring.

Please note that dogs should not receive any type of thyroid supplementation for 3 months prior to thyroid testing.

When I look at the results, how do I know what is "normal"?

The method for classifying the thyroid status will be accomplished using state-of-the-art assay methodology. I.E--we look at the blood result!

First, let's familiarize ourselves with the different "test" used and their indications for our use in evaluating our breeding dogs for thyroid problems.

(A.) Free T4 (FT4)—this procedure is considered to be the "gold standard" for assessment of thyroid's production and cellular availability of thyroxine. FT4 concentration is expected to be decreased in dogs with thyroid dysfunction due to autoimmune thyroiditis.

(B.) Canine thyroid simulating hormone (cTSH)—this procedure helps determine the site of the lesion in cases of hypothyroidism. In autoimmune thyroiditis the lesion is at the level of the thyroid gland and the pituitary gland functions normally. The cTSH concentration is expected to be abnormally elevated in dogs with thyroid atrophy from autoimmune thyroiditis.

(C.) Thyroglobulin Autoantibodies (TgAA)—this procedure is an indication for the presence of the autoimmune process in the dog’s thyroid.

How do the results translate into the OFA Certification?

Normal

FT4 within normal range
cTSH within normal range
TgAA is negative

Positive autoimmune thyroiditis

FT4 less than normal range
cTSH greater than normal range
TgAA is positive

Positive compensative autoimmune thyroiditis

FT4 is within normal range
cTSH is greater than or equal to normal range
TgAA is positive

Idiopathically reduced thyroid function

FT4 is less than normal range
cTSH greater than normal range
TgAA is negative

All other results are considered equivocal and will require a retesting after 6 months for a certification.

My information source for this entry is the OFA site.

Please direct any questions to me at kiokeemastiffs@embarqmail.com. Thank you. Catie C. Arney

Health Testing for Eye Problems in Mastiffs

2009-07-06T16:06:00.002-07:00

For the purpose of a health testing discussion, I will not try and discuss all possible eye disorders that a Mastiff have inherit. I will discuss the process (test) we have for testing: the CERF exam along with the PRA and CMR DNA testing.

In this entry, I will only discuss the PRA (Progressive Rential Atrophy) and the CMR (Canine Multi-Focal Retinopathy) diseases since they are the only eye diseases that we can currently DNA test for in Mastiffs.

Please note, that a CERF exam may also show other "genetic eye diseases"--i.e. Entropion, "cherry eye", Cataracts, Glaucoma, etc.- disorders that we DO NOT have DNA tests for at present in Mastiffs--so a CERF exam is essential to rule out genetic eye disorders.

Below is a labeled diagram of the canine eye. In the later discussions, you can use it as reference.

What is a CERF (Canine Eye Registration Foundation) Examination?

The Canine Eye Registration Foundation (CERF) was established in 1974 to track heritable eye diseases in purebred dogs. A database is maintained through registered purebred dogs examined by board certified veterinary ophthalmologists (Diplomates of the ACVO -- American College of Veterinary Ophthalmologists).

This database helps breeders and ophthalmologists monitor eye diseases. A CERF exam is basically the same exam you would get if you went to an ophthalmologist. A dog can be registered by CERFonce it has been examined by an ACVO diplomate and found to be unaffected by a major heritable eye disease.

CERF examinations are performed annually. The ophthalmologist fills out a computerized form and gives a copy to the owner. This copy can be sent to CERF by the owner (if the dog has been found to be unaffected, as previously described) along with the registration fee to receive a CERF registration number, which can be used by the owner for show purposes, breeding, and AKC pedigrees.

This registration is good for one year and it must be renewed annually by examination, to maintain an up-to-date CERF number. Since many ocular diseases do not appear until later in a dog's life, such as progressive retinal atrophy and some forms of cataract, it is suggested that an annual examinations be done to rule out heritable disease which occurs as a dog ages.

In an effort to educate the public, CERF also publishes a quarterly newsletter about eye diseases in dogs. It contains current information about the frequency and heritability of eye diseases in dogs, and gives tips for healthy breeding practices. This publication is a great source of inform,ation for dog owners and breeders.

The goal of CERF is to identify those conditions that should be selected away from when breeding. To simplify, dogs with bad hips should not be bred, and dogs with inherited cataracts and certain other eye diseases are not suitable for breeding either. Other problems result from facial conformation considered desirable by breeders. For example, breeding for prominent eyes and facial folds in Mastiffs might lead to corneal irritation, scarring, and eventual blindness.

CERF works with the ACVO genetics committee to determine ocular conditions that are identified with certain breeds. A book is available that lists all the known ocular disorders of dogs: Ocular Disorders Presumed to be Inherited in Purebred Dogs. It is updated as new information becomes available, and can be ordered from CERF.

What is Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA) in Dogs?

This is a genetic, inherited disease of the retina (the "film" in the camera), which occurs in both eyes simultaneously. The disease is nonpainful, and there is no cure for it. The eyes are genetically programmed to go blind. PRA occurs in most breeds of dogs and can occur in mixed breeds also.

It is recessively inherited in all breeds studied, with the following exceptions: PRA is dominantly inherited in Old English Mastiffs and Bullmastiffs, and PRA is sex-linked and found primarily in male dogs in the Siberian Husky and Samoyed breeds. In other words, for a Mastiff to inherit and manifest PRA, it must inherit a copy of the gene from only one parent.

Clinical signs vary from the dog first becoming night blind in the early stage of PRA (not able to see in low light surroundings) to the entire visual field in all light levels becoming affected, which is advanced PRA. The pupils are usually dilated, and owners often notice a "glow" and increased "eye shine" from the eyes.

All dogs with PRA will eventually develop blindness from advanced PRA, and this time frame until the dog is blind varies considerably from dog to dog, but usually takes at least 6 months from the time of diagnosis, and can rarely take years until the dog is completely blind.

Although no treatment for PRA, nor is it possible to stop the disease. A nutritional antioxidant supplementation for retinal health may help slow the deterioration of the retina in some dogs to "buy some time" before the blindness inevitably happens. Holostic Animal Eye Care experts believe that in many of these PRA patients, specific oral antioxidant nutritional therapy can delay the progression of blindness.

However, Blindness can not be avoided in any PRA patients. If oral antioxidants were used, they would be continued until complete vision loss occurred.

What Should I do if I suspect My Mastiff has PRA?

As with any serious eye disorder, have your dog examined by a board certified veterinary ophthalmologist to determine if this disease is indeed present. Your local Vet can refer you to the closest Canine opthalomigy specialist fo an ophthalmic examination.

Dogs with PRA should not be bred, and the breeder that you received your dog from should be notified that the dog is affected, so the breeder can alter their breeding program in future.

It is important to understand that dogs with PRA are happy dogs. Their eyes don't hurt, and they adjust very well to their slow loss of vision. In fact, if a dog were destined to become blind and you could pick the disease, it would be PRA, as the vision loss is slow and nonpainful, and the dog is given much time to adjust to its vision loss.

It is important to realize that it is OK to grieve about your pet's vision loss, but you must not put your sad feelings in your dog's head--they aren't really there! Your dog is not suffering. They adjust well to their vision loss, and it is by far hardest to deal with on the owner's side.

Your dog's job description has not changed. Your blind dog is happy as long as its routine is stable. From your dog's point of view, life continues to be great-- you are there as always, and they just need to use their other keen senses a bit more to get the same information they used to view. Keep household furniture in its place, and consider purchasing the book "Living With Blind Dogs" by Caroline Levin. It is the only book of this subject matter, and is beneficial in helping owners and their affected pets adjust to the vision loss. It is suggested that you purchase a pet medical alert tags that reads, "I Have Poor Vision" or "I Am Blind" along with your address and contact info. Blind dogs have been known to wander away from home and be unable to find their way home.

Dogs with PRA can develop cataracts late in the disease process. Cataract surgery would never be done, as it would not help the dog to see. However, cataracts can cause pain and damage to the eye, and if the eyes look very cloudy to you, please call your opthomoligist vet for a reexamination as soon as possible.

In the 1990's when PRA began to appear in Mastiffs, the MCOA along with the American Kennel Club Canine Health Fund help to set up and conduct a study which lead to the development of a DNA test for PRA. We now have a blood test available to determine if dogs are likely affected with PRA, are likely carriers for PRA, or are not likely carrying the PRA gene. Always ask a breeder if their dogs have had the DNA test for PRA.

In the table below, you can see how this disease is inherited:

For more information about this test, go to The Optigen website- (http://www.optigen.com/).

What is Canine Multi-focal Retinopathy (CMR)?

CMR is a recently identified recessively inherited eye disease known so far to affect the Mastiffs (English, Bullmastiff, French mastiff or Dogue de Bordeaux), Great Pyrenees and Coton de Tulear. Early clinical studies in 1998 by Dr. Bruce Grahn at the University of Saskatchewan, Canada, first described CMR in the Great Pyrenees.

This condition was observed in each of the named breeds at an ophthalmologist’s exam that included numerous distinct (i.e. multi-focal), roughly circular patches of elevated retina with accumulation of material that produces gray-tan-pink colored lesions. These lesions, looking somewhat like blisters, often vary in location and size, although typically they are present in both eyes of the affected dog. Occassionally, Discrete areas of tapetal hyper-reflectivity might also be seen.

The disease generally develops in young dogs before 4 months and might progress slowly, might even appear to heal, or might even appear and then go away again. Some lesions disappear with no remaining sign, while some lesions leave a wrinkled area – a fold. Some leave the lasting lesion of a blister formation. Most dogs exhibit no noticeable problem with vision despite their abnormal appearing retinas.

And in almost all cases, CMR does not progress significantly over time. The disease seems to have a consistent pattern among the breeds identified so far, although lesions in the Coton de Tulear are often more serious and seem to remain longer than in some of the other CMR-affected breeds. In rare severe cases, the clinical diagnosis could be confused with progressive retinal atrophy (PRA). The full range of clinical symptoms will learned as more dogs are tested for their genetic status.

The clinical presentation and pathology of CMR closely resembles lesions of “Best vitelliform dystrophy”, a human disease with variable clinical expression but usually with serious affects on central vision. Identification of the gene mutation responsible for CMR was based on these similarities. A mutation in the human VMD2 gene – Vitelliform Macular Dystrophy 2 Gene – causes dominantly inherited human Best Disease. Analysis of the canine version of the VMD2 gene indicates that mutations in it cause CMR as a recessively inherited canine condition. The normal form of the VMD2 gene produces a protein named “bestrophin”. The bestrophin protein assembles, in the cells of the retinal pigment epithelium, in a group of four or five units that form a pore through which chloride ions pass.

Our current understanding is that CMR in Mastiffs is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern. This means the gene mutation responsible for CMR is located on an autosome (that is, a chromosome that is not a sex chromosome) and CMR disease results when the gene mutation is passed to the offspring by both the mother and the father.

(It should be noted that the human disease that mirrors CMR in dogs is an autosomal dominant disease with incomplete penetrance. This means that sometimes, but not always, only one copy of the disease gene needs to be present in order for the disease to be observed clinically.)

At this point CMR in dogs is NOT considered to be an autosomal dominant disease however as more animals are characterized genetically with the DNA CMR test, it is possible that we will find a similar form of inheritance as is seen in humans.

There is complete concordance of the mutation with the disease among affected dogs in the Mastiffs, Great Pyrenees and Coton de Tulear. However, retinal dysplasia described in other breeds, for example in Labradors, Samoyeds or English Springer Spaniels, is very distinct in comparison to CMR and these conditions are not caused by the CMR mutation.

Due to the abnormal appearance of the CMR-affected retina, CERF, ACVO, ECVO and other ophthalmologist’s eye exam reports typically record these multi-focal lesions as “retinal dysplasia” or “retinal folds”, to denote a defect in formation of the retina. Such findings might disqualify the dog from breeding. Presently CERF doesn’t list CMR as a specific condition, but does fail a dog for “retinal dysplasia/retinopathy – folds, detached.”

The genetic test for CMR is valuable for identifying Mastiffs affected and those which are carriers. Given the exact genetic diagnosis, a breeder can identify carriers and breed only to "clear" dog--thus no "affected" puppies will be produced. Puppy buyers who purchase a "carrier" puppy can be assured that there probably will be no vision loss due to this condition. By using the DNA CMR test and eliminating Carriers and affected dogs from our breeding programs, future cases of the condition can be prevented.

In the table below, one can see how breeding affected and carrier dogs produced this disease.

For further information, go to the Optigen website, (Http://http://www.optigen.com//)

Health Testing for Cardiac Problems in Mastiffs

2009-07-06T16:06:00.001-07:00

Thankfully, we do not have a wide spread incidence of cardiac problems within the Mastiff breed. However, as the Mastiff breed continues to rise in popularity and the overall numbers of puppies produced each year continues to increase; It stands to reason that we could see an "increase" in Cardiac problems.

How do you test for Cardiac disease in a dog?

As breeders, it is essential that we screen and clear all dogs for any cardiac problems before breeding. Most Mastiff breeders obtain a cardiac certification through OFA.

An OFA Cardiac certification consist of a simple 15 minute exam by a trained Vet--preferrably one who is Board certification by the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Specialty of Cardiology . This certification is considered by the American Veterinary Medical Association as the benchmark of clinical proficiency for veterinarians in clinical cardiology, and examination by a Diplomate of this specialty board is recommended. Please note, that other veterinarians may be able to perform these examinations, provided they have received advanced training in the subspecialty of congenital heart disease.

The clinical cardiac examination should be conducted in a systematic manner. The arterial and venous pulses, mucous membranes, and precordium should be evaluated. Heart rate should be obtained. Cardiac auscultation (listen to the heart) should be performed in a quiet, distraction-free environment. The animal should be standing and restrained, but sedative drugs should be avoided. Panting must be controlled and if necessary, the dog should be given time to rest and acclimate to the environment. The clinician should able to identify the cardiac valve areas for auscultation. The examiner should gradually move the stethoscope across all valve areas and also should auscultate over the subaortic area, ascending aorta, pulmonary artery, and the left craniodorsal cardiac base. Following examination of the left precordium, the right precordium should be examined in the same manner.

If the examiner detects an abnormaility (i.e. Murmmer) upon asculation--a recommendation will be made for an echocardigram to be done in order to "clear" the dog. When the dog is cleared and an OFA number is issued, A notation will also be listed on the OFA report noting that the exam included an echocardigram.

How does a Breeder use an OFA Caridac Exam?

A careful clinical examination that emphasizes cardiac auscultation is the most expedient and cost-effective method for identifying Congenital Heart Disease (CHD) in dogs. While there are exceptions, virtually all common congenital heart defects are associated with the presence of a cardiac murmur. Consequently, it is recommended that cardiac auscultation be the primary screening method for initial identification of CHD and the initial classification of dogs. Murmurs related to CHD may at times be difficult to distinguish from normal, innocent (also called physiologic or functional) murmurs. Innocent cardiac murmurs are believed to the related to normal blood flow in the circulation. Innocent murmurs are most common in young, growing animals. The prevalence of innocent heart murmurs in mature dogs (especially in athletic dogs) is undetermined. A common clinical problem is the distinction between innocent murmurs and murmurs arising from CHD and may require an echocardiogram to diagonse.

If you hear a murmur, what other tests can you do?

Definitive diagnosis of CHD usually involves one or more of the following methods:

(1). Echocardiography with Doppler studies,

(2). Cardiac catheterization with angiocardiography, or

(3). Post-mortem examination of the heart (necropsy) after a dog dies.

Other methods of cardiac evaluation, including electrocardiography and thoracic radiography, are useful in evaluating individuals with CHD, but are not sufficiently sensitive nor specific to reliably identify or exclude the presence of CHD.

The noninvasive method of echocardiography with Doppler is the preferred method for establishing a definitive diagnosis in dogs when CHD is suspected the clinical or screening examination. Echocardiography is an inappropriate screening tool for the identification of congenital heart disease and should be performed only when the results of clinical examinations suggest a definite or potential cardiovascular abnormality.

Two-dimensional echocardiography provides an anatomic image of the heart and blood vessels. While moderate to severe cardiovascular malformations can generally be recognized by two-dimensional echocardiography, mild defects (which are often of great concern to breeders of dogs) may not be identifiable by this method alone.

Doppler studies, including pulsed-wave and continuous wave spectral Doppler, and two-dimensional color Doppler demonstrate the direction and velocity of blood flow in the heart and blood vessels. Abnormal patterns of blood flow are best recognized by Doppler studies. Results of Doppler studies can be combined with those of the two-dimensional echocardiogram in assessing the severity of CHD.

Color Doppler echocardiography is used to evaluate relatively large areas of blood flow and is beneficial in the overall assessment of the dog with suspected CHD. Turbulence maps employed in color Doppler imaging are useful for identifying high velocity or disturbed blood flow but are not sufficiently specific (or uniform among manufacturers) to quantify blood velocity. It is emphasized that quantitation of suspected blood flow abnormalities is essential and can only be accomplished with pulsed or continuous wave Doppler studies. Pulsed wave and continuous wave Doppler examinations provide a display of blood velocity spectra in a graphical format and are the methods of choice for assessing blood flow patterns and blood flow velocity in discrete anatomic areas.

Cardiac catheterization is an invasive method for identification of CHD that is considered very reliable for the diagnosis of CHD. Cardiac catheterization should be performed by a cardiologist, usually requires general anesthesia, carries a small but definite procedural risk, and is generally more costly than noninvasive studies. While cardiac catheterization with angiocardiography is considered one of the standards for the diagnosis CHD, this method has been supplanted by echocardiography with Doppler for routine evaluation of suspected CHD.

Necropsy examination of the heart should be done in any breeding dog that dies or is euthanized The hearts of puppies and dogs known to have cardiac murmurs should always be examined following the death of the animal. A post mortem examination of the heart is best done by a cardiologist or pathologist with experience in evaluating CHD. While it is obvious that necropsy cannot be used as a screening method, the information provided by this examination can be useful in guiding breeders and in establishing the modes of inheritance of CHD.

Can you miss a Cardiac realted problem with these tests?

Of course you can. Limitations exist for each of the methods of evaluation we have discussed. Any of the above tests may be associated with false positive and false negative diagnoses. It must be recognized that some cases of CHD fall below the threshold of diagnosis. In other cases, a definitive diagnosis may not be possible with currently available technology and knowledge.

These limitations can be minimized by considering the following general guidelines:

(1). The results to the examinations described above are most reliable when performed by an experienced individual with advanced training an experience in cardiovascular diagnosis.

(2). Echocardiography with Doppler, cardiac catheterization, and post-mortem examination of the heart for CHD requires advanced training in cardiovascular diagnostic methods and the pathology and pathophysiology of CHD.

(3). Examinations performed in mature dogs are most likely to be definitive. This is especially true when considering mild congenital heart defects. Innocent heart murmurs are less common in mature animals than in puppies are less likely to be a source of confusion. Furthermore, the murmurs associated with some mild congenital malformations become more obvious after a dog has reached maturity. While it is quite reasonable to perform preliminary evaluations and provide provisional certification to puppies and young dogs between 8 weeks and 1 year of age, final certification, prior to breeding, should be obtained in mature dogs at 12 months of age or older.

(4). Examination conditions must be appropriate for recognition of subtle cardiac malformations. Identification of soft cardiac murmurs is impeded by extraneous noise or by poorly restrained, anxious, or panting dogs.

(5). A standardized cardiac clinical examination must be performed according to a predetermined and clearly communicated protocol. Physical examination and cardiac auscultation should be used as the initial method of cardiac evaluation. If the clinical (as indicated above).

(6). Examiners who perform echocardiography with Doppler must use appropriate ultrasound equipment, transducers, and techniques. Such individuals should have advanced training in noninvasive cardiac diagnosis and should follow diagnostic standards established by their hospital and by the veterinary scientific community, including standards published by the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine, specialty of Cardiology (J Vet Internal Med 1993;7:247-252).

Conclusion

From January 1974 to December 2008, a total of 1,810 Mastiff have had Cardiac OFA exams completed. The Mastiff ranks 31st of all breeds examined in the occurrance of heart/Cardiac disease. Thankfully, 99.2% are normal with only 0.4% affect by CHD; the remaining 0.4% had equivocal results.

Hopefully, as more breeders utilize the OFA cardiac exam to clear their dogs before breeding, we can continue to improve the cardiac health of our breed.

Please refer any comments or questions to me at kiokeemastiffs@embarqmail.com. Thank you. Catie Arney Kiokee Mastiffs

Health Testing-Patella problems in Mastiffs-Patella Luxation?

2009-07-06T16:05:00.000-07:00

Any breed can have problems with the patellas. OFA offers a Certification for patellas after the age of 12 months which requires a Hands on exam by a vet. No x-rays or sedation is needed. The information below can be found on the OFA site at http://www.offa.org/.

What is Patellar Luxation?

The patella, or kneecap, is part of the stifle joint (knee). In patellar luxation, the kneecap luxates, or pops out of place, either in a medial or lateral position. Bilateral involvement is most common, but unilateral is not uncommon. Animals can be affected by the time they are 8 weeks of age.

The most notable finding is a knock-knee (genu valgum) stance. The patella is usually reducible, and laxity of the medial collateral ligament may be evident. The medial retinacular tissues of the stifle joint are often thickened, and the foot can be seen to twist laterally as weight is placed on the limb.

Patellar Luxation Categories

Patellar luxations fall into several categories:

(1). Medial Luxation in Toy, Miniature, and Large Breeds-which includes Mastiffs
(2). Lateral luxation; toy and miniature breeds-excludes Mastiffs
(3). Lateral luxation; large and giant breeds-the most common type found in Mastiffs.
(4). Luxation resulting from trauma- various breeds, of no importance to the certification process.

Numbers 1, 2 and 3 are either known to be heritable or strongly suspected.

Medial Luxation in Toy, Miniature, and Large Breeds-Although the luxation may not be present at birth, the anatomical deformities that cause these luxations are present at that time and are responsible for subsequent recurrent patellar luxation.

Patellar luxation should be considered an inherited disease.

What are the signs of Patella Luxation?

The Clinical Signs of patella luxation can be easily identified with an exam often as early as 8 weeks of age. A good Breeder will have all puppies health certified by a Vet before placement and this simple exam should be done at that time.

There are some very distinct clinical signs of patella Luxation that a vet may look for dependeding upon the age of the puppy/dog. Three classes of patients are identifiable:

Neonates and older puppies- often show clinical signs of abnormal hind-leg carriage and function from the time they start walking; these present grades 3 and 4 generally.

Young to mature animals -with grade 2 to 3 luxations usually have exhibited abnormal or intermittently abnormal gaits all their lives but are presented when the problem symptomatically worsens.

Older animals-with grade 1 and 2 luxations may exhibit sudden signs of lameness because of further breakdown of soft tissues as result of minor trauma or because of worsening of degenerative joint disease pain.

Signs vary dramatically with the degree of luxation. In grades 1 and 2, lameness is evident only when the patella is in the luxated position. The leg is carried with the stifle joint flexed but may be touched to the ground every third or fourth step at fast gaits. Grade 3 and 4 animals exhibit a crouching, bowlegged stance (genu varum) with the feet turned inward and with most of the weight transferred to the front legs.

Permanent luxation renders the quadriceps ineffective in extending the stifle. Extension of the stifle will allow reduction of the luxation in grades 1 and 2. Pain is present in some cases, especially when chondromalacia of the patella and femoral condyle is present. Most animals; however, seem to show little irritation upon palpation.

Lateral Luxation in Toy and Miniature Breeds
Lateral luxation in small breeds is most often seen late in the animal's life, from 5 to 8 years of age. The heritability is unknown. Skeletal abnormalities are relatively minor in this syndrome, which seems to represent a breakdown in soft tissue in response to, as yet, obscure skeletal derangement. Thus, most lateral luxations are grades 1 and 2, and the bony changes are similar, but opposite, to those described for medial luxation. The dog has more functional disability with lateral luxation than with medial luxation.

Clinical Signs -In mature animals, signs may develop rapidly and may be associated with minor trauma or strenuous activity. A knock-knee or genu valgum stance, sometimes described as seal-like, is characteristic.

Sudden bilateral luxation may render the animal unable to stand and so simulate neurological disease. Physical examination is as described for medial luxation.

Lateral Luxation in Large and Giant Breeds

Also called genu valgum, this condition is usually seen in the large and giant breeds. A genetic pattern has been noted, with Great Danes, St. Bernards, and Irish Wolfhounds being the most commonly affected. Components of hip dysplasia, such as coxa valga (increased angle of inclination of the femoral neck) and increased anteversion of the femoral neck, are related to lateral patellar luxation. These deformities cause internal rotation of the femur with lateral torsion and valgus deformity of the distal femur, which displaces the quadriceps mechanism and patella laterally.

Clinical Signs Bilateral involvement is most common. Animals appear to be affected by the time they are 5 to 6 months of age. The most notable finding is a knock-knee (genu valgum) stance. The patella is usually reducible, and laxity of the medial collateral ligament may be evident. The medial retinacular tissues of the stifle joint are often thickened, and the foot can often be seen to twist laterally as weight is placed on the limb.

Who do you diagnose Patellar Luxation ?

The dog is examined awake (chemical restraint is not recommended) and classified by the attending veterinarian according to the application and general information instructions. The veterinarian then completes the application form indicating the the results of the dog's patella evaluation.

The application and fee can then be mailed to OFA. The attending veterinarian and owner is encouraged to submit all evaluations, whether normal or abnormal, for the purpose of completeness of data. There is no OFA fee for entering an abnormal evaluation of the patella in the data bank.

A breed database number will be issued to all dogs found to be normal at 12 months of age or older. The breed database number will contain the age at evaluation and it is recommended that dogs be periodically reexamined as some luxations will not be evident until later in life.

Preliminary Evaluations

Evaluation of dogs under 12 months of age is encouraged if the owner desires to breed at this age. The most opportune time to gather breeding data is at 6-8 weeks of age prior to the puppy's release to the new owner.

How does OFA Grade Patellar Luxation?

The Patellar Luxation Database is for dogs 12 months and over. Examinations performed on dogs less than 12 months will be treated as Consultations and no OFA breed numbers will be assigned.

A method of classifying the degree of luxation and bony deformity is useful for diagnosis, and can be applied to either medial or lateral luxations by reversing the medial-lateral directional references. The position of the patella can easily be palpated starting at the tibial tubercle and working proximal along the patellar ligament to the patella.

Grade 1

Manually the patella easily luxates at full extension of the stifle joint, but returns to the trochlea when released. No crepitation is apparent. The medial, or very occasionally, lateral deviation of the tibial crest (with lateral luxation of the patella) is only minimal, and there is very slight rotation of the tibia. Flexion and extension of the stifle is in a straight line with no abduction of the hock.

Grade 2

There is frequent patellar luxation, which, in some cases, becomes more or less permanent. The limb is sometimes carried, although weight bearing routinely occurs with the stifle remaining slightly flexed. Especially under anesthesia it is often possible to reduce the luxation by manually turning the tibia laterally, but the patella reluxates with ease when manual tension of the joint is released. As much as 30 degrees of medial tibial torsion and a slight medial deviation of the tibial crest may exist. When the patella is resting medially the hock is slightly abducted. If the condition is bilateral, more weight is thrown onto the forelimbs.

Many dogs with this grade live with the condition reasonably well for many years, but the constant luxation of the patella over the medial trochlear ridge of the trochlea causes erosion of the articulating surface of the patella and also the proximal area of the medial lip. This results in crepitation becoming apparent when the patella is luxated manually.

Grade 3

The patella is permanently luxated with torsion of the tibia and deviation of the tibial crest of between 30 degrees and 50 degrees from the cranial/caudal plane. Although the luxation is not intermittent, many animals use the limb with the stifle held in a semi flexed position. The trochlea is very shallow or even flattened.

Grade 4

The tibia is medially twisted and the tibial crest may show further deviation medially with the result that it lies 50 degrees to 90 degrees from the cranial/caudal plane. The patella is permanently luxated. The patella lies just above the medial condyle and a space can be palpated between the patellar ligament and the distal end of the femur. The trochlea is absent or even convex. The limb is carried, or the animal moves in a crouched position, with the limb flexed.

Conclusion

If one reviews the statisical data collectedby OFA, Mastiffs only have a 0.3% of patella luxation occurance. However, it is not a health screening done frequently by most breeders. Hips and elbows are the most common OFA exam for Mastiffs.

IMO-since the certification process only involves an exam and does not require any sedation, I feel all dogs should have this health screening before breeding. Of course, that's just my opinion.

Please feel free to contact me with any questions or comments at kiokeemastiffs@embarqmail.com. Thank you. Catie C. Arney

Health testing--What is elbow dysplasia?

2009-07-06T16:03:00.000-07:00

Well, have you recovered from learning about Hip dysplasia? Elbow dysplasia should be slightly easier to discuss since currently we only use one method for evaluation--OFA. The following information is condensed from the OFA site. For further information, please refer to http://www.offa.org/ .

Elbow dysplasia is a general term used to identify an inherited polygenic disease in the elbow of dogs. Three specific etiologies make up this disease and they can occur independently or in conjunction with one another. These etiologies include:

(1) Pathology involving the medial coronoid of the ulna (FCP)

(2) Osteochondritis of the medial humeral condyle in the elbow joint (OCD)

(3) Ununited anconeal process (UAP)

Studies have shown the inherited polygenic traits causing these etiologies are independent of one another. The most common Clinical sign an owner may see in their dog is lameness which may remain subtle for long periods of time. No one can predict at what age lameness will occur in a dog due to a large number of genetic and environmental factors such as degree of severity of changes, rate of weight gain, amount of exercise, etc.

Since Subtle changes may occur over time, it often taks a vet exam to note any excessive inward deviation of the paw which raises the outside of the paw so that it receives less weight and distributes more mechanical weight on the outside (lateral) aspect of the elbow joint away from the lesions located on the inside of the joint and affects the appearence of lameness in the gait. Range of motion in the elbow is also decreased. One may notice a stiffness in the front legs as the dog gets up and down.

What Does Elbow Dysplasia look like?

The most sensitive view used to diagnose secondary degenerative changes in the elbow joint is an extreme flexed medio-lateral view of the elbow (Figure 1) which is required by the OFA and recommended by the International Elbow Working Group. The veterinary radiologists are most interested in the appearance of the anconeal process of the ulna.

When there is instability of the elbow joint due to elbow dysplasia, one of the most sensitive radiographic findings is new bone proliferation (osteophytes) on the anconeal process of the ulna (Figure 2) associated with secondary developmental degenerative joint disease.

Sometimes the associated Bone proliferation can be very subtle to visualize in some dogs and may require the use of a special light source (hot light) rather than a traditional view box to diagnose it. Other arthritic findings such as sclerosis in the area of the trochlear notch of the ulna and bone spurs at joint edges are also reported and wwould be mostlikely seen in advanced cases.

If fragmentation of the medial coronoid only involves the cartilage, it may not be seen radiographically but occasionally if the bone is also fragmented, it can be visualized as a separate calcific opacity superimposed over the radius (Figures 3 and 4).

Evaluating and Grading the Elbow

For elbow evaluations, there are no grades for a radiographically normal elbow. Normal is normal. The only grades involved are for abnormal elbows with radiographic changes associated with secondary degenerative joint disease.

Like the hip certification, the OFA will not certify a normal elbow until the dog is 2 years of age. The OFA also accepts preliminary elbow radiographs. To date, there are no long term studies for preliminary elbow examinations like there are for hips, however, preliminary screening for elbows along with hips can also provide valuable information to the breeder.

Grade I Elbow Dysplasia-Minimal bone change along anconeal process of ulna (less than 3mm).

Grade II Elbow Dysplasia-Additional bone proliferation along anconeal process (3-5 mm) and subchondral bone changes (trochlear notch sclerosis).

Grade III Elbow Dysplasia- Well developed degenerative joint disease with bone proliferation along anconeal process being greater than than 5 mm.

Some breeders believe that Grade I elbows are within the “normal” range, much like Fair hips are considered to be within the normal range. What is the OFA’s position on this?

The OFA’s distinction between normal and abnormal elbows is actually more clearly defined than are the differences between fair and borderline hips. Elbows are diagnosed as dysplastic when evidence of Degenerative Joint Disease (DJD) is present as evidenced by osteophytes or sclerosis. Thus, DJD is a "symptom" of ED.

It is not a gradual continuum from normal to abnormal, in which minor differences might be interpreted as normal by one reader and abnormal by another. The degree of DJD present is the determining factor in the grade of dysplasia.

The term “degenerative joint disease” is often misunderstood and misinterpreted. “Degenerative” is defined as some distinct change from a normal state to a diseased state. It does not imply a continuing process in which the disease will progress and worsen continuously over time, and it is incorrect to assume that a dog with Grade I ED will eventually develop Grade II or III ED.

It is also important to understand that DJD is a finding which aids in the diagnosis of elbow dysplasia, but the DJD itself is the secondary result of one or more of three distinct "causes" of ED(listed above) that make up the generalized description of elbow dysplasia.

My dog has never limped. How can it have elbow dysplasia?

The radiographic evidence of ED, the presence of secondary DJD, and the clinical presentation do not correlate directly. Grondalen did a study and reported on a population of 207 Rottweilers affected with ED and 141 were not lame. Yet 68% of the non-lame dogs had DJD of the elbow.

Another ED study by Read reported on serial radiographic (x-rays) and physical examination of 55 Rottweilers at 6 and 12 months of age. At 6 months of age the majority of lame dogs did not have radiographic evidence of ED; however, by 12 months of age the radiographic changes were apparent. But the majority of dogs remained sound.

Like hip dysplasia, many dogs affected with Grade I ED do not exhibit lameness; and like hip dysplasia, breeders cannot depend on using clinical signs to diagnose the disease. Dogs with minimal pathology involving the medial coronoid process may not always present clinical lameness, as the DJD and fibrosis of soft tissues may actually help to stabilize the joint. It is very likely that using lameness as a guideline to accept the diagnosis of ED would permit an increased incidence of disease genes to proliferate in the breeding population.

My Vet says my dog has Elbow dysplasia, but it doesn' t limp. Can I breed it?

The OFA acknowledges that breeding decisions are personal and that health testing is a tool to be used by the breeder. So, they will not tell a breeder NOT to breed a dog. . OFA and MCOA (Mastiff Club of America) do not regulate breeding practices or impose testing requirements.

The OFA’s main function still remains to provide breeders with the tools and information to make more informed breeding decisions and their purpose remains to assist breeders in reducing the incidence of genetic disease including elbow dysplasia.

The OFA strongly recommends that dogs from the "at risk breeds "being considered for a breeding program, as well as their siblings, be radiographed to determine their elbow status. This information should be an important and carefully considered part of breeding decisions.

Can a dog only have Elbow Dysplasia in one elbow?

Since an injury can lead to the changes associated with ED , sometimes you will note that an injury may cause a dog to get a "fail"in one elbow. As a breeder--this then becomes a judgement call. IMO-if it was "genetic" both elbows would have and demonstrate changes. IF a dog has no other "joint" issues (i.e the other elbow and both hips are normal) and there are no related dogs (1/2 and full siblings, parents, and grandparents) with ED---I do not consider ED in one elbow as genetic.

Breeding a dog that has ED in one elbow is a judgement call. I have used a stud dog that has ED in one elbow--but he had been bred before and had never produced ED and he also has a Vet documented injury to that elbow. My Vidalia injuried her right elbow at age 22 months--twisting and damaging the joint in a fall down some icy steps.

When I did her pernament OFAs, her right elbow did not pass. I had pre-limned her at 10-12 months and knew her elbows were normal; I had witnessed her injury--so I bred her. None of her puppies have ever developed ED--nor have any on her grandpuppies. I also knew that none of her 1/2 and full siblings had ED--and her grand parents were clear. By knowing all the doigs behind in her pedigree, I was confident that her failed elbow was due to the previous injury and was not genetic.

Conclusion

It is only through a proper exam (x-ray) and evaluation can elbows be "cleared" of elbow dysplasia and be determined to be "normal". If siblings (full or 1/2 brother and sisters) have bilateral ED, one could predict that a littermate or sibling would have an increased risk of having or passing on ED.

It is essential to any breeder to fully know the health issues within the lines of the dogs they breed. Health testing is not a 100% guarrentee, but it can certainly stack the odds in your favor to produce a sound healthy puppy.

Please feel free to foward any questions or comments to me at kiokeemastiffs@embarqmail.com. Thank you. Catie Arney

Health Testing--What is Hip Dysplasia?

2009-03-09T11:34:00.000-07:00

I get a lot of e-mails asking about "health Testing"; so, this month I thought I would do a series of entries that deal with an explanation of the different "health testing" we do as breeders. Since the most complex and hardest to understand at times is the testing we do for Hip Dysplasia, let's start with it.

What is Canine Hip Dysplasia (CHD)?

Canine Hip Dysplasia can affect millions of dogs each year and can also result in debilitating orthopedic disease of the hip. Many dogs will suffer from osteoarthritis, pain, and lameness costing owners and breeders millions of dollars in veterinary care, a shorten lifespan and reduced quality of life for affected dogs. The occurrence of HD is well documented in Mastiffs as well as many other large and giant breeds and is also prevalent in many toy and small dog breeds as well as cats.

The term hip dysplasia(HD) can be interpreted as the abnormal or faulty development of the hip. Abnormal development of the hip causes excessive wear of ther joint cartilage during weight bearing, eventually leading to the development of arthritis, often called degenerative joint disease (DJD) or osteoarthritis. The terms DJD, arthritis, and osteoarthritis are often used interchangeably.

Hip dysplasia was first described in 1937 by Dr. Gerry B. Schnelle in a paper entitled Bilateral Congenital Subluxation of the Coxofemoral Joints of a Dog. He wrote: "the condition described herein, rare thought it may be, should be recognized as being congenital and potentially hereditary, and the dog or bitch in which it occurs should be destroyed or sterilized in the eugenic interests of the breed."

In 1966, Henricson,Norberg, and Olsson refined the definition of CHD describing it as: "A varying degree of laxity of the hip joint permitting sublaxation during early life, giving rise to varying degrees of shallow acetabulum and flattening of the femoral head, finally inevitably leading to osteoarthritis."

Today, the general veterinary consensus is that hip dysplasia is hip laxity resulting in osteoarthritis.

Just by defination alone, we can see that CHD is a disease of complex factors based primarily on inheritance, and why ethical dog breeders and Veterinarians have attempted to eliminate CHD through selective breeding and care.

What is a Dysplastic Joint?

Hip Dysplasia is a terrible genetic disease because of the various degrees of arthritis (also called degenerative joint disease, arthrosis, osteoarthrosis) which it can eventually produce that leads to pain, overall loss of range of motion in the hip joints, and debilitation.

The very first step in the development of arthritis is articular cartilage (the type of cartilage lining the joint) damage due to the inherited bad biomechanics of an abnormally developed hip joint. Traumatic articular fracture through the joint surface is another way cartilage is damaged.

With cartilage damage, lots of degradative enzymes are released into the joint. These enzymes degrade and decrease the synthesis of important constituent molecules that form hyaline cartilage called proteoglycans. This causes the cartilage to lose its thickness and elasticity, which are important in absorbing mechanical loads placed across the joint during movement.

Eventually, more debris and enzymes spill into the joint fluid and destroy molecules called glycosaminoglycan and hyaluronate which are important precursors that form the cartilage proteoglycans. The joint's lubrication and ability to block inflammatory cells are lost and the debris-tainted joint fluid loses its ability to properly nourish the cartilage through impairment of nutrient-waste exchange across the joint cartilage cells.

The damage then spreads to the synovial membrane lining the joint capsule and more degradative enzymes and inflammatory cells stream into the joint. Full thickness loss of cartilage allows the synovial fluid to contact nerve endings in the subchondral bone, resulting in pain. In an attempt to stabilize the joint to decrease the pain, the animal's body produces new bone at the edges of the joint surface, joint capsule, ligament and muscle attachments (bone spurs). The joint capsule also eventually thickens and the joint's range of motion decreases.

No one can predict when or even if a dysplastic dog will start showing clinical signs of lameness due to pain. There are multiple environmental factors such as caloric intake, level of exercise, and weather that can affect the severity of clinical signs and phenotypic expression (radiographic changes). There is no rhyme or reason to the severity of radiographic changes correlated with the clinical findings. There are a number of dysplastic dogs with severe arthritis that run, jump, and play as if nothing is wrong and some dogs with barely any arthritic radiographic changes that are severely lame.

FYI-One can not just "look" at the movement of a dog and determine that it does not have CHD. Only through x-rays can we determine if a dog is clear of hip dyspasia. As a breeder, one must evaluate any dog to be bred and determine if it is free of hip dysplasia before breeding!

How do you Test for CHD?

One "tests" for CHD by x-raying hips. This simply assures the breeder that the dog being bred does not have CHD. When a breeder health tests for CHD, it is the hope that with each succeeding generation that is bred from clear dogs, the puppies produced should have improved/better hips. OK. So what does these "scores" mean?

To a beginner, just looking at the hip "scores" can be confusing. What do they mean and how are they interprettted? Which ones are best? Here is the United States, the most common methods of evaluating hips is the OFA (Orthopedic Foundation for Animals) and the Penn Hip system (University of Pennsylvania Hip Improvement Program). Since many Mastiffs have imported lines from England, we will also look at the system used in the United Kingdom (England) and Austrialia : the British Veterinary Association (BVA).

When it comes to testing, various breeders have different opinions to which system is better and many a heated debate can result from discussing the pros and cons of each system. For the purpose of this entery, I will only discuss the basics priniciples of each system so as to provide an explaination. The most important aspect is to test and vertify your dogs are clear of hip dysplasia before breeding irregardless of the system you use. PERIOD.

I. OFA-Orthopedic Foundation for Animals

I have always used the OFA system to rate and score my dogs' hips. I find it easier to explain to people (puppy buyers) and for most people it makes sense. Please refer to the OFA website at http://www.offa.org/hipgrade.html as my information source. Please note later in this entry I will later compare the Pennhip and BVA to the OFA system I will be using the same definations of Normal and dysplasic terms.

The phenotypic evaluationand "ratings" of hips by OFA falls into seven different categories; these categories are the Normal ratings (Excellent, Good, and Fair), Borderline, and Dysplasic (Mild, Moderate, and Severe). Three independent outside evaluations by Orthopedic Radiology Specialists are done for each rating with each classifing the hip intoi one of the 7 phenotype described above. The finial hip grade is decieded by a consensus of these three scores. For example:

(1). Two radiologist report excellent, one good--the finial score would be excellent.

(2). One radiologist reports excellent, one good, and one fair--the finial score would be Good.

(3). One radiologist reports fair, and two report mild--the finial score would be mild.

All normal hip scores (Excellent, Good and Fair) are given OFA Numbers. This information is only accepted by AKC on dogs with pernament identification (tattoos or microcips) and is recorded in the Public domain or open data base (i.e. anyone can look up these results to vertify them--just go to http://www.offa.org/). X-rays of borderline, mild, moderate and severe dysplasic hip scores are reviewed and a report is sent documenting the abnormal findings. Unless the owner has chosen to allow abnormal scores to be listed in the open data base, dysplasic hip grades are not in the public domain.

Let's look at a visual example and explaination of each rating. The illustrations used below are examples from the OFA site.

Excellent

The Excellent (Figure 1) classification is assigned for superior conformation in comparison to other animals of the same age and breed. There is as deep seated well formed ball (femoral head) which fits tightly into a well formed socket (acetabulum with minimal joint space. There is almost complete coverage of the socket over the ball.

Good

The Good (Figure 2) classification is slightly less than superior (excellent) but a well-formed congruent hip joint is visualized. The ball fits well into the socket and good coverage is present.

Fair

The Fair (Figure 3) classification is assigned where minor irregularies in the hip joint exist. The hip joint is wider than a Good hip phenotype which is usually due to minor joint incongruency ( i.e. the ball slightly slips out of the socket). There may also be slight inward deviation of the weight-bearing surfaces of the socket(dorsal acetabular rim) causing the socket to appear shallow (Figure 4). This can be a normal finding in some breeds (i.e. Chinese Shar Pei, Chow Chow, and Poodle).

Borderline

For the Borderline classification, there is no clear cut consensus between the radilologists to place the hip into a given category of normal or dysplasic. There is usually more incongruency present than the usually minor amount found in a Fair, but there are no arthritic changes present that definanetly place the hip joint in the dysplasic classifications. There may also be a bony growth present on any of the areas of the hip anatomy that can not be accurately assessed as being an abnormal arthritic change or as a normal anatomic variant for that individual dog.

To increase the accuracy of a correct diagonsis, it is recommended to repeat the x-rays at a later date (usually 6 months). This allows the radiologist to be able to compare the orginal film with the most recent film over a given time period and assess for progressive arthritic changes that would be expected if the dog was truely dysplasic. Most dogs with this score (over 50%) show no change in hip conformation and recieve a normal rating; usually a Fair.

Mild Dysplasia

In Mild Canine Hip Dysplasia (Figure 5) there is signifcant sublaxation presemnt where the ball is partially out of the socket causing anincongruent increase joint space. The socket is usually shallow and only partially covers the ball. There are usually no arthritic changes present if the dog is young ( 24 to 30 months of age), and there is an option to resubmit x-rays when the dog is older so it can be reevaluated a second time. However, most dogs will remain dysplasic showing disease progression with early arthritic changes. Since HD is a chronic, progressive disease, the older the dog, the more accurate the diagonsis of HD (or the lack of HD).

Moderate Dysplasia

In Moderate Canine Hip Dysplasia there is significant sublaxation present in the joint socket with the ball barely seated into a shallow shoket caused marked joint incongruency. There are secondary arthritic bone changes usually along the femoral head and neck (called remodeling), acetabular rim changes (called oseophytes or bone spurs) and various degrees of trabecular bone pattern changes called sclerosis. Once arthritis is reported, one can expcet continued progression of arthritis over time.

Severe

A Severe Hip Dyplasia (Figure 6) is assigned where radiographic evidence of marked dysplasia exists. There is significant subluxation present where the ball is partly or completely out of a shallow socket. Like moderate HD, there are also large amounts of secondary arthritic bone changes along the femoral neck and head, acetabular rim changes and large amounts of abnormal bone pattern changes.

II. PennHIP

In 1983, Dr Gail Smith from the University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinanry Medicine devloped a new method for the early diagonsis of CHD. The research conducted in his lab proved his new method to be capable of estmating the susceptibility for CHD in dog as young as 16 weeks.

In 1993, Dr. Smith established PennHIP to serve as a multi-center of clinical trial of his new hip dysplasia diagnostic technology. The program was sucessful and quickly grew beyound the capabiolities of a university research lab. Initailly, PennHIP was licensed to outside biotech companies but PennHIP has recently been reaquired by the University of Pennsylvania and is now a not-for-profit organization.

Some breeders use and prefer the PennHIP exam since it can be used on dogs as young as 16 weeks of age. It gives a breeder an advantage of a tool for early evaluation and looking at joint laxity (losseness) which is the greatest risk factor for the development of DJD.

Before PennHIP, the definations of CHD were vague as to the degree or amount of laxity requires to develop arthritic changes. the degree of hip joint laxity, as measured by the PennHIP method has been shown to be the most important risk factor in determining whether a dog is prone to developing CHD. Please refer to the PennHIP website, http://www.pennhip.org/ for more information.

PennHIP is a different way to assess, measure and interpret hip joint laxity--ie. another method of evaulating hips and diagonsising hip dysplasia. Where the OFA method uses just one view ( the hip-entended view), PennHIP uses three seperate x-rays: the distraction view, the compression view and the hip-extended view. Please refer to the pictures below for an example of each different x-ray view on the same dog.

Distraction View Compression View

Hip-Extended View

(This is also them same view used by OFA)

If you look at the x-rays above, in each view you will notice that the joint laxity (looseness) is very diferent. Although each view is of the same dog, please note that the laxity is much greater in the distraction view than in the hip-extended view. On the average, the distraction vies has been shown to revel 2.5-11 times more hip laxity (depending on the breed) than the hip-extended view. Using the comparsion of the three views allows the PennHIP method to measure hip joint laxity with greater percision than the hip-extended method alone.

According to PenHIP, since CHD is a developmental disease (meaning it is not present at birth, but develops with age) a breeder or owner may be able better predict which puppies may have hip problems later in life by looking at the degree of hip laxity.

A PennHIP rating is given as a numerical rating and gives a rating for each hip individually ( a rating for the right hip vs. the left hip) and an overall percentage rating that is breed specfic-i.e it will tell you where your dog "ranks" among other Mastiff results. However it should be noted that the "pool" of results used for this rating is not as generalized or as large as OFA. Often breeders may use PennHipp to get a rating for a dog that has failed it's OFAs--thus the "pool" of dogs that this average is pulled from may be slightly skewered.

You will not see a "fail" rating for a PennHipp unless the dog is severely dysplasic. Thus the "%" ratings can be misleading to an unknowing puppy buyer.

IMO-if a dog does not have a 90% rating--I'm not interested in breeding to it. A rating of 30 to 50% may actually be rated "dysplasic" by OFA terms and scores. Please keep this information in mind when looking at PennHipp scores.

There is no clear cut "excellent", "good" or "fair" with pennhipp and the related range is going to vary from breed to breed. IMO--way too confusing for the average puppy buyer.

(Please note :At the bottom of this entry I will give a table that correlates OFA , PennHIP , FCI, SV and BVA results. I found it very helpful to me! The PennHip scores are an approximation for the Mastiff breed only. In order to be as accurate as possible--I did not try and "rate" the dysplasic scores--only the passing scores.)

III. British Veterinary Association (BVA)

Often as Mastiff breeders, we find it difficult to find Mastiffs from England that have "health" testing done--esp. hips! Why? Until recently in England, there has been very little emphasis placed on clearing dogs of health issues before breeding. Health and Soundness was not necessarily a goal with all breeders. With the advent of improved methods to complete health testing, and an international interest in the importing of health tested dogs; we now see more of the dogs being bred in England that are being health tested.

The BVA system is the one most commonly available in the United Kingdom (England) with most veterinary clinics having experience in using this method. Since no repeat submissions are allowed, it is best if one uses a clinician who has a good deal of experience in doing this exam and the proper equipment to obtain good quality x-rays. Dogs must be at least 12 month old to be BVA scored, but 18 months gives a more reliable result for large breeds (i.e. Mastiffs) and is the sugessted age for this test.

When evaluating a BVA score, it is important too take into account how the score is made up. Both hips should be more or less symmetrical; a significant difference in the two hips can either be genetic or the result of trauma. On the printed report a notation is made relating to positioning and film quality.Each hip scored on 9 different aspects. Scores in the first 3 boxes indicate the conformation of the hip (shape of the head, neck and socket), scores in the remaining 6 boxes indicate secondary changes/arthritiis/DJD. Healthy dogs should have 0's in the last 6 boxes.

Here is an example of how a reporting form would appear.

Thus, the higher the BVA score the greater the degree of dysplasia. I have provided a comparison to the OFA ratings in the table at the end of this entry.

How can I compare the different ratings?

Of course, any rating is subjective to human error. No system of testing is perfect--but it is the best we have to use at present. The mode of Hip dysplasia is unknown, but is believed to be recessive in nature--i.e. an dog can carry the gene and still be "normal". Thus, it is possible for "clear" parents to produce a puppy with hip dysplasia.

Health testing simply aids a breeder in eliminating dogs that are affected. At present there is no DNA test for CHD, so NOT breeding affected dogs is our best answer to improving the overall hips of any given breed.

Please note in the table below how each of the different evaluation methods (OFA, Penn HIP, FCI (used in Europe) , SV (used in Germany) & BVA (used in UK and Australia) results compared to each other. Please note the PennHipp scores are an approximation for the Mastiff breed only.

International Hip Score Comparison Table
Copyright 1998 Tamaryn Hodge
This table is provided as an un-official means of comparing international hip scores, as there is currently no official FCI comparison data available for all countries listed here. Total accuracy cannot therefore be guaranteed. Please e-mail the originator at BritishLeos@aol.com with any corrections. Thanks from the originator goes to the following people for their assistance in creating this table: Arthur Muller, Gerie Groenendijk, Waltraut Zieher, Yves De Clerq, Susan Grosslight, Glen Ferguson, Jenny Bergdahl.

Classification	Classification	FINLAND	NETHERLANDS	GERMANY	SWEDEN	SWITZERLAND	USA	GREAT BRITAIN	Classification
A1	No signs of hip dysplasia	El - dysplasiaa "hyval"	Negatief geheel gaaf (1)	Kein Hinweis fuer HD	Utmark	Frei	Excellent	Total score of 0 - 4	A1
A2	No signs of hip dysplasia	El - dysplasiaa	Negatief niet geheel gaaf (2)	Kein Hinweis fuer HD	UA	Frei	Good	Total score of 5 - 10	A2
B1	Transitional Case	Rajatapaus	Transitional Case (Tc)	Obergangs - form verdaechtig fuer HD	UA	Frei	Fair	Total score of 11 - 18	B1
B2	Transitional Case	Rajatapaus	Transitional Case (Tc)	Obergangs - form verdaechtig fuer HD	I	I	Borderline	Total score of 18+	B2
C1	Mild	I	Licht positief (3)	Leichte HD	I	I	Mild HD	Total score of 18+	C1
C2	Mild	I	Licht positief (3)	Leichte HD	I	I	Mild HD	Total score of 18+	C2
D1	Moderate	II	Positief (3.5)	Mittlere HD	II	II	Moderate HD	Total score of 18+	D1
D2	Moderate	II	Positief (4)	Mittlere HD	II	II	Moderate HD	Total score of 18+	D2
E1	Severe	III	Positief (4)	Schwere HD	III	III	Severe	Total score of 18+	E1
E2	Severe	IV	Positief optima forma (5)	Schwere HD	IV	IV	Severe	Total score of 18+	E2

Pleaase forward any comments or questions to kiokeemastiffs@embarqmail.com. Thank you. Catie Arney Kiokee Mastiffs

2009--More inquiries about American Mastiffs with behavioral problems.

2009-02-26T09:23:00.000-08:00

Often when an American Mastiff (AmMa) owner can't get a response to their inquires from their breeder, they look to a Mastiff breeder/owner for answers. It seems that my blog shows up quite often when they do an Internet search looking for information. I do try to be objective in my responses, but we hear the same story told over and over again.

Like many other Mastiff breeders, I am often "accused" by the AmMa community of being afraid that I may lose a puppy sale to an AmMa Breeder. Believe me, that is not why I object to the breeding of designer dogs. In order to present an objective view of the questions and inquiries I receive, I have begun posting some of the e-mail/inquires I get on a monthly from AmMa owners and the problems they have experienced with their dog.

As I have stated before, breeders in the Mastiff community are often approached by AmMA owners who have dogs with "issues". At this time, the AmMa community still has not stepped up to the plate and assumed 100% responsibility for the dogs that they have bred. I have a problem with that approach.

A very important part of being a breeder is taking responsibility for what you have bred. Since so many of these AmMa breeders consider themselves on the "cutting edge" of developing a new breed, you would think that they would follow up on the dogs they have produced--What did it look like as an adult? Did it meet the breed standard in conformation? What kind of temperament did it have? Did the owner experience any behavioral problems? But most importantly, are the owners happy with the dog? Was it easy to train? DID IT HAVE ANY HEALTH PROBLEMS? At this time there is still no follow through with the AmMa breeders as to breeder responsibility.

Look at the owner testimonials on some of the AmMa breeder websites--you see a lot of references to dogs that have died young or those with health issues. This alone is enough to debunk the "improved overall health" myth. Sadly, most of these owners are going back for a second dog from the same source!

Many of these AmMa breeders are asking puppy prices that are the same as most Mastiff breeders who are breeding from multiple generations of health testing. When you spend $1800 for a puppy--you should be entitled to some degree of health and temperament guarantee. Thankfully, most states now have puppy "lemon" laws that can address this problem.

Here is a recent inquiry I was sent by an AmMa owner and my response.

Hi, my name is Abby and I have been reading your posts on the American Mastiff breed. I bought my AmMa from Flying W Farms and have had issues with my dog ever since I became pregnant 2 years ago. My loyal, loving female very suddenly became overly protective and started showing signs of aggression. I now have a 21 month old and a 5 month old and while she is good with my children, she no longer tolerates our other dog! We have a min-pin, they were raised together since pups (both now 4 years old) and my AmMa who was once protective of our min-pin now growls at him and has bitten him once. She is loving towards him while playing outside, but the minute she comes back into the house she starts to growl and wants him no where near my children. I am at a loss with my situation. And, to boot, when I called Flying W, she told me that I never should have gotten my mastiff until AFTER I had children!! She said my mastiff is taking her dislike of my children out on my min-pin and that she will probably kill him. I did not know it made a difference when you had kids with dogs, especially a Mastiff. Have you ever heard of a dog suddenly not getting along with the other pet after kids come into the picture? I am wondering if my kids are safe around her... do you have any suggestions? Would a dog trainer be able to help the situation, or will I have to find another home for her??
-- Abby _____________

Abby,

Your girl is demonstrating her "guarding" instincts--she feels the need to protect your children from the other dog. It makes no difference that they were raised together--she has assumed the Alpha role in your "pack" and feels it's her job to protect your kids.

She will also act this way toward other adults and children whom she views as a "danger" to your children. No Play dates for your kids at your home, please. If some other child made one of your kids squeal, cry, or fall--they could get bit. NEVER leave this dog unsupervised with visitors--esp. children.

As far as the opinion that the dog is taking her dislike of your kids out on the other dog--horseapples. That is a totally accusatory statement made to relieve the breeder of any responsibility. In other words--she wants you to feel as if it's all your fault because you had kids! I place Mastiffs with families all the time--before and after they have kids should not make any difference if the dog has a stable temperament.

Working with a trainer may give you better control over her, and help make her follow your commands better--but, no--you will not be able to "train" her out of this behavior--because it's an instinct. Your AmMa may look like a mastiff, but it definitely thinks and acts much differently--it is wired more like a "guarding Breed" and unfortunately your girl has now matured and these instincts have come forward. This presents a management problem for you and your family--and a possible liability.
Abby,

Your girl is demonstrating her "guarding" instincts--she feels the need to protect your children from the other dog. It makes no difference that they were raised together--she has assumed the Alpha role in your "pack" and feels it's her job to protect your kids.

She will also act this way toward other adults and children whom she views as a "danger" to your children. No Play dates for your kids at your home, please. If some other child made one of your kids squeal, cry, or fall--they could get bit. NEVER leave this dog unsupervised with visitors--esp. children.

As far as the opinion that the dog is taking her dislike of your kids out on the other dog--horseapples. That is a totally accusatory statement made to aleve the breeder of any responsibility. In other words--she wants you to feel as if it's all your fault because you had kids! I place Mastiffs with families all the time--before and after they have kids should not make any difference if the dog has a stable temperament.

Working with a trainer may give you better control over her, and help make her follow your commands better--but, no--you will not be able to "train" her out of this behavior--because it's an instinct. Your AmMa may look like a mastiff, but it definitely thinks and acts much differently--it is wired more like a "guarding Breed" and unfortunately your girl has now matured and these instincts have come forward. This presents a management problem for you and your family--and a possible liability.

Yes, there is a very good chance she may injure or kill your toy dog--or any other dog you bring into the home. Neighborhood cats who come into your yard are taking a chance. On a walk, She could go after a smaller dog and injure it if it trespassed to close to you and your children. Even with you standing there--you may not be able to stop her.

Anatolian Shepherds (AS) were breed to catch and kill wolves that threatened their flocks--these dogs were developed to be independent dogs not dependant on humans for guidance or direction. Many of these original working herd dogs may go for days without ever seeing a human--or needing one. They are bred to be a solitary dogs.

Mastiffs were bred in a much different manner--Mastiffs need to company of their humans and thrive in a group or "pack" arrangement. They are a true "working" breed--developed to be Man's helpmate and companion.

The Flying W had corrupted both these breeds--this "designer" dog is not an improved Mastiff but a bargain basement mutt with more health and temperament issues than any dog needs. It simply is not a Mastiff--I don't care what they claim. A few may favor and act more like the Mastiff--but then some (like your dog) will have more of the solitary guarding instincts of the AS.

Spaying her will not help--in fact it may make her more aggressive toward other dogs. Working with a trainer will simply make her behave better when you are around.

As a parent and a grandparent--I have always had Mastiffs with my family. As my kids were growing up, every kid in the neighborhood played with my kids and dogs at our house. Someone might have gotten bumped occasionally when a game of chase was in process--but never would one of my dogs have harmed any child. I place lots of Mastiffs with families, and many of these families have other pets--and get other pets after they get their Mastiff.

Would I keep her? No. As someone who has worked with rescue for many years and who had worked with dogs with temperament issues--I do not see this as a fixable situation.

First choice-I would return her to the Flying W--BTW she will not refund any of your money and she will just re-sell the dog to someone else--and make her take responsibility for it. As the breeder, she should take responsibility for the dogs she breeds. My guess is that she will refuse to take it back.

Second choice--The responsible thing would be take her to your vet and put her down. Giving her away to someone else would be just passing the problem on--she will not be "better" with a different family. She truly can't stop herself from being the way she is and as time goes by--it will accelerate and become more pronounced.

Putting her to sleep is the most humane thing you can do--yes, it will be hard for you and your family but it is a decision that some do have to make as responsible dog owners. Let her leave this world knowing that she was loved.

If your vet refuses to put her down--then take her to animal control and explain about her temperament and aggression.. Make sure they do not place her up for adoption. If it was me--I would stay with her until they put her down.

The solution is not pretty. She will eventually bite someone or go after your smaller dog and kill it. That would not be a situation you would want your kids to witness. Putting her to sleep is the lessor evil.

Good luck. I am so sorry your are faced with this decision. I hate to say it--but I and other Mastiff Breeders hear this story all the time. You are not the first and you will not be the last.

Your story is just one of the reasons why Myself and other Mastiff Breeders have stepped up to try and educate the public on the huge differences between our breed and the AmMa. Please do tell and share your experience with others. You may save another family a lot of heartache.

Catie Arney Kiokee mastiffs

Unfortunately, this owner expected a different demeanor and temperament with her "mastiff". She has experienced the ownership of a dog with an unpredictable temperament due to the mixing of two very different dog breeds bred originally for very different purposes.

Once again, I would like to point out--An American Mastiff is not a "MASTIFF". She was expecting an "improved mastiff" that drooled less, lived longer, and had less health problems--at least that the major claims made by the breeder. Instead she now owns a dog that may become a liability to her and her family.

TO the person looking to buy a"mastiff"-- Please go to a breeder that is knowledgeable in this breed and who works to breed the best possible dog. Look for breeders who health test their dogs before breeding and who consistently produce dogs that are long live with few to no health issues; who breed only dogs with exceptional stable temperaments and who can assist you in choosing the puppy with the correct personality for you and your family; and for a breeder who will be there for you when you have questions or need advice about your dog.

Don't fall into the trap of buying a "designer mutt"--that is the dog equivalent of this season's high fashion design. Many local dog shelters and animal resuces have mixed breeds who would love to be adopted. If you are not interested in a purebred--then please adopt from your local animal shelter.

Please look for a dog that fits your lifestyle and can be a part of your family for many years. Look for a dog that has the ability to grow and adapt with you and your family.

Remember- a dog is a lifetime commitment not a disposable possession.

Catie Arney, Kiokee Mastiffs kiokeemastiffs@embarqmail.com

2008 in Review

2008-12-18T14:51:00.000-08:00

Looking back, I think I and my dogs have had a very good year. We have all been blessed with health, love of family, and the friendship of our close friends.

Zena celebrated her 12th birthday in May. Although "Mammaw" is a bit slower, doesn't see or hear as well as she did a few years ago, there is no dog more close to my heart than her. On clear days, she lies out on the southside of the house in the sun, watching the driveway, and the street. When I come home each day, she ambles up to me to give me a big kiss. I hope that we get to celebrate her 13th birthday in 2009. She still loves her dog biscuits and cookies--and yes, I bake her some fresh homemade biscuits every few days. Age has it's privileges.

Vidalia celebrated her 11th birth day in June. She is still a little bit ornery at times and can still give the neighborhood cats a run for their money. I think it puts a little bounce in her step when she makes them leave the yard. She, too, is slowing down. She likes her cookies, too; of course, she gets them. She often stays in the yard with the younger puppies, ever watchful and patient with them. Like her older sister, she enjoys a good nap in the sun.

Diesel joined our family this year, and he has become a fixture here. You would think the old man has been here his whole life. Diesel turn 5 in July, and we have almost completed his AKC championship--he just needs one more major to finish. Hopefully, we will get to add CH. to his name early next spring. We were lucky enough to have a litter sired by him this year--and his babies are beautiful. If all goes well, in 2009 and should have another litter.

Mona & Reba who are both 4 yrs old--my Vidalia and Tug girls-- matrons and divas in their own right. Reba surprised us all and got her first points--a 3-point major! Hopefully 2009 will be her year to finish her Championship--she loves to show. Sister, Mona hates to show--but her beautiful babies, Hope & Gracie--have become wonderful show dogs! Mona will remain her at home and we have a wonderful breeding planned for he in 2009.

My beautiful brindle girl, Boudi-Ch. Morrigan's Celtic Queen of Kiokee-she finished her championship in March of this year with back to back Majors. We have retired her from the Ring. Boudi loves everyone and everything--always happy and never a moments trouble. She was 4 years old in August.

Cooter, my big gorgeous goofy goober! He finished his AKC championship in November ( Ch. Kiokee Drunk in Publick, Too) after a very limited showing this year. We will continue to spot show him this next year as a special. I plan on taking him to the MCOA speciality this year. He just celebrated his 3rd birthday.

Sweet Sara Lee lives with Crystal Landreth of Pisgah Forest Mastiffs. We have a litter planned for her in 2009. Three of her puppies will be shown this coming year--Jimbo, Chance, and Winne--and all will be at the MCOA speciality!

My sweet lovely Gracie--Kiokee Lionhearted Savin' Grace--needs just 1 more point to finish her championship. This is a dog who sits and looks up at me with nothing but love in her eyes. She was with me when I had my wreck back in July, and escaped from the van to chase the ambulance that she saw me leave in. Thankfully, a NC state trooper chased her down and put her in his patrol car and followed my towed vehicle to the garage. The tow truck driver was kind enough to care for my dogs until my family got there to get them. We had lots of angels who watched over us that day. I ended up with 2 broke fingers--but all three of my girls (Reba, Gidget, and Gracie ) were fine.

I was so worried that the stress of the wreck would impair my girls--no chance! All three can't wait to load up and go! Since then, Gracie has really turned it on and became a wonderful show dog. She is a Momma's girl--but she does it to please me.

Gracie's sister, Hope--Ch. Kiokee Lionhearted Hope and A Prayer- finished her AKC Championship in just 4 weekends just 15 days after turning 1 year old. I can't wait to take these girls to the MCOA speciality this year!

Sweet little Gidget-Kiokee Against all Odds- my sweet little Boudi daughter. She turned 1 year old in July and although I affectionately refer to her as "Gidget the midget"--she is perfectly proportioned. She is maturing into a sweet loving girl so much like her dam. I hope to show and finish her Championship in 2009.

Then there is the two new boys on the block--Chance & Jimbo--my Sara Lee and Trojan boys. Chance was originally placed in a home and was returned back to me a few weeks ago.. His family couldn't keep him--so the name"chance" (yes, I changed it!). Brother Jimbo lives with his Co-owner Maggie over on the NC coast. Both are goofy sweet boys--who are going to make handsome show dogs. Both of these boys will make their debut in 2009--so watch for them!

There is one other family member, although he doesn't live here with me. It's Wesley--Kiokee StoneHouse Wes By Gosh Va. He is owned and loved by his co-breeders Karen and Micheal McBee in Fairmont W. Va. Wes just needs 3 single points to finish his AKC championship and hopefully we will do just that early next year. Wes has so many of his dam's traits--I see a great deal of Vidalia in him. But I also see the intelligence and sensibilities of his Sire, Willie, Ch. Stonehouse Steamboat Willie--who was loved and owned by Karen and Micheal. Wes holds a special place in my heart--it seems that I am the only person he will listen to and "let" show him-- and his grand-ma Catie loves him.

Karen & Micheal McBee also have Winnie--a Sara Lee and Trojan daughter--and she keeps their life exciting with her antics!

Mastiffs have a funny way of worming their way slowly into your heart until you wake up one morning and realize that you never want to be without one. Each and everyone of mine have their own personalities, likes and dislikes, and habits. I love each and everyone of them for just being their own special self.

I look forward to 2009. The MCOA Speciality will be here in NC and it looks to be a very special time for us. I look forward to attending the awards banquet to see Boudi's breeder--Jim Bennett of Morrigan Mastiffs-receive the Collar award and the Hall of Fame award for his beloved Morrigan--Boudi's Dam. Don't think for one minuter that I won't cry. It's a night that some of us will remember forever.

Also in 2009, my daughter Amiee and her husband JR will present us with a new grand-baby in May--about the same time as the MCOA Speciality! It looks as if we may get to have a boy in this family after all!

To our extended family that check in here ever so often--we wish you a very happy holiday and hope that the New Year finds you and yours happy and well. To each and all, We wish you the very best in 2009, and God Bless.

Catie, Mitch, Leila, and the Kiokee Gang

Letters about my American Mastiff entry

2008-12-15T13:26:00.000-08:00

Since I posted my blog entries on Designer dogs and especially the American Mastiff (the "AmMA" as I refer to it); I have had some very interesting comments and e-mails. A few are from AmMa breeders/owners who are upset and righteously disagree with my comments. Some are from puppy buyers who are trying to learn the difference between the AmMa and the English Mastiffs, but I also receive feedback from owners of AmMa who are experiencing the very problems I have noted.

Below is just a couple of the e-mails I have received this past year. I have posted the original e-mail and then my reply. I have removed the e-mail addy of the e-mail author , their last name, and any contact information so as to protect their confidentiality.

I think these personal stories can speak for themselves. The first is a series of e-mails I received from an AmMa owner.

Subject: American Mastiff
Catie,

Can you tell me if the article you wrote about the American Mastiff was about the breeder Flying W Farms?

I am thinking it is
My Story goes as follows:

I had a wonderful English Mastiff who unfortunately passed away at the end of March this year. He dies of cancer at the precious age of 7 1/2 years. His was the sweetest and most lovable dog we have ever owned.

Fast forward - We wanted to get another puppy and fell into the "American Mastiff" trap that it was just like an English Mastiff but would live longer and no hip problems. The drool was not an issue for us.

So - we have a 5 1/2 month old puppy that has aggression issues and we have had a trainer/behaviorist work with us.

Still you can not go near the dog while he is eating or he will growl and snarl his teeth at you. There are other times when he got neutered and the drugs wore off - snarled and growled - and now for what seems to be no reason the same thing.

He did bite me when I put my hand in his food dish
We are at a loss of what to do -I had written Fredericka for suggestions but she has not been very helpful and makes it sound like it our fault for the dog's aggression

Any help you can give I would appreciate it - He has been micro chipped - but if he continues to be this mean we will have no choice but to surrender the dog

I would be happy to call you if you think you can provide any additional insight
We are so sorry we did not get another English Mastiff
Sincerely
Lori

I am so sorry. As much as I hate to admit it--it's not the first time I have heard it. Those of us connected with Mastiff rescue hear very similar stories all the time. The AmMa folks are now advertising that they will do their own "rescue", but there is no "need for it"-so contact them and give the dog up.

All the training in the world will never make this puppy into a dog that is 100% predictable. Ms. Wagner at one time kept her primary stud dog enclosed in an 8-ft high reinforced hog wire 10 x 10 pen and it would almost come through the pen after visitors. --that says all that needs to be said about that dog.

My advice, if you leave close enough to drive to the breeder's kennel--take it and GIVE the dog back to them. If this puppy is this aggressive at this young age--it's not going to get better--take my word. Save yourself the heart ache--get rid of it now. No amount of training or love will ever make this dog 100% predictable and safe.

No, it's not your fault. Certain types of aggression are inherited--ask your trainer. No 5 1/2 month old puppy should act the way you have described. If the breeder will not take it back--put it down. It will be the most humane thing to do. A dog with the temperament you just described is not a family pet and will be a life long liability for you and your family.

I hate to say it--consider this episode as a life lesson. An American Mastiff is just not the same as an English Mastiff. You can now personally testify why and how it's different. I occasionally get a very defensive letter from an AmMa puppy owner defending their choice of this "breed"; but I do get more letters like yours.

I will be most happy to put you in contact with some very good English Mastiff breeders in your area who can place a very good puppy with you. There is no substitute for a well-bred puppy and the support of an ethical breeder.

Please make your story known. As a breeder of English Mastiffs, I am often accused by AmMa owners/Breeders as a "snob" is just someone who makes up negative stories because I'm afraid I may miss selling a puppy. Not So. You are living proof that what myself and others are trying to make known is all so true.

Please contact me if I can be of assistance. Catie.

Here is her second response.

Sent: Monday, December 15, 2008 4:40:14 PM (GMT-0500) America/New_YorkSubject: Re: American Mastiff

Thank you for writing
Unfortunately I do not live anywhere near Flying Farms
We flew up from Central Florida
Would I just give him to the SPCA??
Lori

Since he has a history of aggression--no rescue organization will take him to re-home. When you turn him into SPCA shelter--they will immediately put him down due to his aggression and history of biting.

Please do the responsible thing--take him to your vet and put him down. If you can, stay with him and love him to the end. It's not the dog's fault--he can't help it. Let him leave this world knowing love.

It's painful and it hurts your heart--but please know it's the best for all concerned. As a pet owner, it will be the hardest thing you have ever done.

Be sure you contact his breeder and notify them the dog has been put down and why. Please share your story with others--you may help prevent this same heart ache for someone else. Go to mastiffs.org and the mastiff world forum and tell your story. You can met a few others who can relate to your loss and pain.
I am so sorry. Catie

Our third correspondance;

Sent: Saturday, December 20, 2008 2:24 PM Subject: Re: American Mastiff

I did contact Fredericka and she wanted me to ship at my expense the dog back to her and not refund me anything. She also said she would use a shock collar to straigthen out the dog so he could be given to someone else. She let me know under the contract I could not give him to the SPCA etc.

This dog is not fit for any anyone - believe me he just becomes more aggressive and more unpredictable.

On Mon, Dec 15, 2008 at 3:50 PM, <kiokeemastiffs@embarqmail.com> wrote:

So all that is left is to do the most humane thing for the dog—put the dog down. If you send it back to FW she will just place it or sell it to some other unsuspecting person. Please don’t pass the problem on to someone else.

About 2 years ago, I went and oicked up for mastiff rescue a starved adult intact male mastiff that had been found wandering. The dog could barely walk. When I picked him up he was sweet and easy to work with.

I spent close to 3 months nursing him back to health. Once he got comfortable here in his surroundings—his true personality came out—the dam dog came after me 3 times in the space of 2 days. He also went after my husband and my daughter. If you reached for his collar he would lunge at you. I had to call animal control to come with catch loops to assist me in removing him from my property—he was put down immediately.

The shape of his muzzle, his eye color, and his behaviors lead me to believe his was an American Mastiff—In over 25 years of rescue I have never had a Mastiff turn on me –even the ones that have been abused. My best guess is that his owner tried to starve him to death—and when that didn’t work-they took him out in the country and dumped him to die..

I saved this dog from death—and he would have ripped out my throat. That’s why I have absolutely no reserves in telling you to put this dog down now. The older he gets and the bigger he gets—the harder it is going to be to control him.

Don’t even think about it twice. If you don’t want to take him into your vet--Take him to your county animal control—tell the officers he is aggressive and has bitten you—ask them to put him down immediately. Catie

Once again, the AmMa founding breeder refuses to take responsibility for a dog she has bred. Of course, she does want it turned over to the SPCA--they would contact her and they also keep records of breeders who produce aggressive dogs. IMO-the ethical move would have been to ask the owner to ship the dog back to her and she pay the shipping expense.

Of course she is not going to refund the $1800.00 this couple spent. Yet, she will turn around and "place" (sell?) this dog again after traing it with a shock collar. Sounds like she has used this method before.

I wonder if she would have accepted it back and paid for the shipping if it was intact? Where is the action on the part of this breeder to back up her claim "we rescue the dogs we breed"? She knows it's her dog--yet has not taken any actions on HER part to get the dog back. Sure, she is willing to take the dog back, IF the current owner foots all the expense of sending the dog back.

This is not my defination of a breeder taking responsibility for the dogs they have bred. That dog did not ask to be brought into this world. As it's breeder, she alone is responsibile for it's existance.

Of Course, It's not just English Mastiffs that are affected by AmMAs.

Cathy: I applaud you for the statements made on your blog ... as a lover/owner of Anatolians for more than 20 years, I can completely relate to your frustration towards folks who can never leave a good thing alone. We each have breeds that have been developed for a specific purpose and have been used for that purpose for thousands of years. Then, along comes some idiot who sees a chance to capitalize on a merging of the two breeds ... my biggest fear is that, in the long run, this will be the downfall of both our breeds as more and more wind up in rescue or shelters. Keep up the good work and God Bless ....

Sandra

Well, Thank you. I tried to present facts and to be unbiased--but you know, it's hard.

I see both our breeds being defamed and degraded by individuals who simply are opting to seize an opportunity to make money. I'm sure a few are vain enough to think they are in the fore front of developing a "new" breed and consider themselves pioneers.

Both of our breeds have been developed over centuries to meet a specific need and have strong characteristic instincts. You yourself have seen what can happen when the wrong person gets one of these designer dogs. Not only do we have to pick up the slack and deal with the rescue problem, we also get stuck taking responsibility for any negative press.

I think both of our breed clubs need to address and develop a united front to educate the general public about our breeds and this "designer" breed. If we wait any longer, it could be disastrous for all concerned. Catie

Here is a letter from a person looking for information on differences between The EM and the AmMA.

Hi there - I read your article on American Mastiffs, which we were considering. Can you refer us to any reputable breeders of English Mastiffs in the Midwest. We live just outside of Chicago. By the way, does the breed really drool that much?

Thanks for any info and your time, Colleen

LOL! I do hear that question a lot! The EM does not droll all the time. As a rule, the shorter and more shoved yup nose/face you have the more they drool. Most Mastiffs only drool when they eat, drink water, or see you eat something they think will taste good--and that will be everything you eat!

Feed and water them outside and it helps. Just place a few hand towels around your home where you can reach them--and teach your dog to come to you and get his face wiped after he eats and drinks. After a while, you really don't notice it.

By the way, AMs can drool just as much as Mastiffs--esp. since they are 7/8 EM to begin! The only one who don't drool have snippy muzzles ( longer, pointed noses)--and that is just not the "Mastiff" type head which is part of their charm. Do you think that by breeding in 1/8th of a different breed is going to stop drooling? It Just ain't so.

You have several very good breeders in your area--go the the MCOA web site--they have a breeder referral. The Devine Farm site has a litter listing from parents who are health tested--a great place to begin your search.

Please read about our breed--go and visit a breeder's home and meet some mastiffs. Make sure this is the breed for you--don't buy on impulse. Buying the first puppy you find could be a mistake.

I have owned Mastiffs since 1984 and I can't imagine my life or home with out one. Paint your walls with semi-gloss enamel paint or wallpaper--the slingers wipe off easier! LOL! Catie Arney Kiokee Mastiffs Hickory NC

I do encourage any potential dog owner to research carefully into any breed that you may be considering of buying. Don't just get a dog because it's the ladest fad. Pick a dog that fits your lifestyle and family. A dog should be a commitment--not an impulse buy. If you can't give a dog a "forever home," then please don't get one. Get a Chia Pet instead.

Any comments or questions can be forwarded to kiokeemastiffs@embarqmail.com.

Designer dogs Vs. Purebred Dogs

2008-09-24T14:38:00.000-07:00

Unfortunately, it seems that every week brings out someone else who has decided to "create" a "New Breed" of dog by taking pure breed dogs and cross breeding them. These individuals consider themselves to be in the fore front of the "new wave" of dog ownership. In fact, they have just come up with a new way to market mutts to the general public.

Often these individuals state that these dogs have "hybrid vigor" and are less prone to develop genetic diseases of their pure breed parents. In fact, these breeds may be more prone to genetic disorders; especially if the parents were not health tested! One does not decrease genetic problems in a dog by crossing two different breeds together. You may actually increase the number of genetic disorders a dog can carry or exhibit especially if your parent dogs have never been tested!. If you want a cross-bred dog--go to your local animal shelter and adopt one! There are always many well-deserving mixed breed dogs there that need homes.

Designer dogs have been created to meet a buyer's need in the pet market. Often advertised as being improved due to such abilities as: "Non-shedding", "hypo-allergic", "Dry-Mouth", etc.
All great selling points to the general public who think they are buying a dog to meet their needs based on these claims, but but in fact, these claims are most fabrications.

We now can find several different designer breeds that are crossed with Poodles supposedly so that these breed as can be "hypo-allergic" since by crossing in the Poodle the resulting breed become "hypo=allergic". Not so. You do not automatically pass on any trait just by adding a certain dog to another breed.

Guide Dog for the Blind in Australia attempted to use Labordoodles and Goldendoodles in a breeding program to develop a "hypo-allergic" guide dog for over 25 years and was UNABLE to use either of the breeds because of the instability of breed characteristics and lack of ability to breed true. The entire program was considered a gross failure and dissolved several years ago.

No dog is "non-shedding"--ALL dogs shed. Long coated dogs shed less--they retain their long outer coat all year, yet they do shed their undercoat once maybe twice a year. Just buy a long coated dog and never brush it--it will mat if you do not comb out the undercoat which the dog SHEDS. So, yes, ALL dog shed hair --it is just that some (short hair dogs) shed more that others (long hair dogs).

Then there is the Designer breeder who advertises a "dry-mouth Mastiff". Yes, some of their dogs have smaller heads and less flews so they will drool less, but most drool just as much as the original dogs. This designer breed is 7/8 English Mastiff--do you really think 1/8 is going to make a dog drool less?

Below is a message written by a fellow Mastiff Breeder Jann Lanz of GoldLeaf Mastiffs. Read what she has to say on this subject.

DON'T BE FOOLED BY "DESIGNER DOGS"

It is becoming more common to see advertisements from people breeding "Designer Dogs". Please don't fall into the trap of paying a high price for these animals. They are nothing more than a cross-breed and are marketed to make you think that you're getting the best qualities from two separate breeds that have been mixed together. Breeders of pure bred dogs continuously work to preserve the pure bred dog and rarely make any money. These "designer dog" breeders are breeding for money and are hoping to cash in on what they hope is a niche market and pry on uneducated puppy buyers.

These so-called breeders are not taking the genetic failings of separate breeds into consideration prior to pairing their chosen breeds. This is what they neglect to tell you!! It takes a responsible dog breeder years to establish a strong and healthy line of animals and by mixing these dogs, there is no telling what kind of genetic and temperament faults will crop up. Mixing dogs, especially LARGE BREED DOGS, is a dangerous endeavor when it comes to temperament. Be safe! Never purchase a mixed breed animal, especially a large breed dog. These breeders have no idea what the future holds for these animals. They do not do health testing like a responsible breeder of pure bred dogs would!! Don't be their guinea pig and pay the price when your animal develops diseases, temperament problems, and/or a short life span. Also, your animal will NEVER be eligible for American Kennel Club Registration.

The majority of the time these designer breeders will use low quality breeding stock they acquire from the lowest price source. The pure bred dog they use in their breeding program, which may have serious health and/or genetic faults, are then cross bred with different breeds with bad traits related to that breed. If you prefer a mixed breed dog, please contact your local animal rescue organization or humane societies. These animals are in need of loving homes and are spayed/neutered and are up to date on their vaccinations. They are also a fraction of the cost vs. what you would pay for a "designer dog".

Thank you for reading this important information. It has been developed to help prevent you and your family from many problems. Owning a dog is a big responsibility. If you are going to purchase a dog, please work with a well known, responsible breeder of AKC pure bred dogs or your local animal shelter.

Thank you. Jann Lanz, Goldleaf Mastiffs timber@pacific.net

Well said, Jann. Thank you for speaking up.

Any comments or remarks concerning my opinion and thoughts maybe directed to me at kiokeemastiffs@embarqmail.com.

There is a new man in town- Spicewoods Power Stroke

2008-04-09T07:44:00.001-07:00

"Diesel"

Paternal GrandSire: Ch. Enchanted Acres Trust Me

Sire: Ch. Spicewood's I Go To The River

Paternal GrandDam: Ch. Queen Elizabeth Heavensgate

Maternal GrandSire:Ch. Spicewood's I Go To The River

Dam:Spicewood's It's A Good Thing

Maternal GrandDam:Ch. Misty Meadows Forget Me Not

I am very proud to announce that we have acquired a wonderful new boy--Spicewoods Power Stroke, bred by and co-owned with Mike and Gina Moore of Spicewoods Mastiffs in Fort Royal, Va. "Diesel" has a extremely loving, laid back temperament, well balanced conformation, beautiful expression and head, smooth correct movement, and well marked dark mask and ears.

Thank you, Gina & Mike Moore for allowing Diesel to come and live here with us. He has shown himself to be a well-behaved and mannerly man. He is a credit to your breeding program and a living example of the care and love you put into your dogs. We appreciate your trust. I can't wait to see him in the ring!

He is a proven sire with some of his puppies now showing and winning in the show ring. Although he has been bred very limited, he has proven that he can produce himself and better in his puppies.

He is tightly line bred on some of my favorite lines that have proven to be top producing dogs in our breed. These lines are also shown to consistently produce sound dogs with OFA Excellent and Good hips that also demonstrate the correct temperament, personality, and character of our breed. He is a dog sound in body and in mind.

Diesel has completed some of his health testing and we are in the process of completing the remaining exams. He is DNA PRA clear by parentage, Hips OFA Excellent, Elbows and Cardiac Normal. He will also be CERF, Cysturnia, and Thyroid tested in the near future.

Diesel is pointed at present and we plan on showing and completing his AKC championship this year. Look for us at the shows this spring and summer. Check back for show updates and pictures. I am excited to have the opportunity to show this beautiful boy!

We do have some planned breedings in 2008 pending with this lovely boy. Diesel is available at stud to approved, health tested bitches. We are excepting applications for our waiting list for these puppies. I expect to produce some very nice puppies from Diesel and my girls.

If you need more information, contact me at kiokeemastiffs@embarqmail.com.

Proper Feeding and Exercise For Your Mastiff Puppy

2008-03-17T18:27:00.000-07:00

This is the content of a handout I give all my Puppy buyers. There is some very good general information listed here.

Picking out your Mastiff puppy is only the first step towards owning a truly outstanding dog. Proper care and feeding are especially important the first 18 to 20 months of your pup’s life. Mastiffs grow rapidly the first 18 months in height and continue to grow in overall size (weight) until 3 to 3 1/2 years of age. Any loss suffered during this critical time can not be made up later. This fact alone is why we stress proper puppy care and feeding.

Mastiffs have been shown to grow and maintain proper growth on a 100% meat based diet. At no time should a Mastiff be fed a dog food with soybean meal. Soybean meal has been shown to contribute to the occurrence of canine bloat in large breeds. Experience has shown that while other dogs may thrive on a certain dog food, a Mastiff will do poorly or marginally.

Several large breed puppy foods are now available. Your puppy has been fed a combination of Black Gold Premium Adult Dog Food and canned Pedigree Puppy Lamb and Rice. A pure meat based feed is recommended with at least 25-27% protein and a 12-15% fat content as a puppy feed. After 12 months of age, an adult dog food with a 21-25% protein and 8-10% fat is recommended. Please note that high protein diets (>21%) in older (>5 years) large breed dogs has led to the development of renal and hepatic failure.

Your puppy has been fed a combination of moistened and dry feedings. For your convenience, advance the pup to dry feed by the age of 16 weeks. Your pup will need to be fed separately from other dogs and/or pups: Mastiffs are often so meek that they will allow other dogs to take their food (especially older dogs). Try to feed 3 to 4 times a day until your pup reaches 3-4 months of age, and then advance him to twice a day.

Let your puppy be the guide for the amount you feed it. Use the guideline below, but if your puppy eats the recommended amount of feed within a reasonable time (30-45 minutes), then increase the feeding 1-cup at a time. A pup that cleans his bowl at all its feedings needs to be fed a larger feeding portion.

Age of Pup Daily Amount Type Frequency
4-8 weeks 3-4 cups Moistened & Dry 3-4 times/day

8-12 weeks 4-6 cups Moistened & Dry 3-4 times/day

12-16 weeks 5-7 cups Dry 3-4 times/day

16-24 weeks 6-8 cups Dry 2-3 times/day
(4 to 6 months)

6-18 months 8-12 cups Dry 2 times/day

Some people oppose “free feeding”—placing out a daily quantity of feed out and leaving it so that the puppy can eat at any time. I have used the free feeding method to raise all my Mastiff puppies once they are weaned, and have never experience any problems. I find that my puppies as adult dogs do not “gulp” their food, eat moderate amounts without overeating, place themselves on an individualized schedule, and I have never had a case of bloat.

I place out fresh clean water 2-3 times a day; keep dry food available at all times, but place out moistened feed 1-2 times a day until the pups reach 12 weeks of age. I do not use feeders; puppies need daily contact and socialization. As I feed and water, I monitor my puppies for health problems, make observations about temperament and interactions, and work on socialization.

Always keep plenty of fresh water available and provide a shaded area for your puppy/dog when it is outside. Mastiffs are especially prone to heat exhaustion and can die in less than one (1) hour. An adult Mastiff will consume up to 2 ½ gallons of water a day and more during hot weather. A good rule of thumb is to leave a 5-Gallon bucket per adult dog. Automatic livestock waters work well (but can provide entertainment if the Mastiffs take it apart!); I use kiddie wading pools as cool down areas for my dogs. Mastiffs love to swim and play in water.

Studies have shown daily supplements of Vitamin C will decrease the incidence and/or severity of hip dysplasia. Your puppy has been receiving 1000 mg of vitamin C each day and this should be increase at 16 weeks of age to 2000mg per day. This is the only dietary supplement recommended and is required for you to meet your sales health agreement. It is your responsibility to keep sales receipts/records showing your purchases of Vitamin C to document proof of its’ usage. Although most Vets will disagree with this policy—a study done at Cornell School of Vet Medicine supports this practice.

DO NOT GIVE CALCIUM SUPPLEMENTS! The use of calcium supplements can lead to bone and joint deformities and electrolyte imbalances. Your pup’s food will supply the proper balance of minerals for its growth.

I do give a multi-Vitamin—I use a GNC product --- Preventron. I give 2 tablets a day along with the Vitamin C. I use a pill crusher—it can be bought at any drugstore—crush the pills and add the powder into the food once a day. I feel that this supplement assists in proper growth of joints and bones. I have practiced this policy with my dogs for over 15 years and I have never had a case of hip dysplasia.

Due to the rapid growth of these pups, under no condition should extensive road work (running) type exercises be done until after the age of 18 months. Joints and growing bones are too prone to injury. Do not allow the pup to jump off elevated areas (i.e. porches, decks, and pick-up truck beds) or walk up more than 3 steps. I have seen a 10 week old large breed puppy break both front legs jumping off a 2-3 foot high deck. They could also damage their shoulder joints. Likewise, puppies should not be allowed to play or spend significant time on slippery surfaces (i.e. tile or linoleum floors) in order to prevent joint injuries.

Do not allow the Mastiff puppy to become overweight as this places stress on the growth plates of its bones. Likewise, do not keep your puppy crated for long, extended periods of time. Lack of exercise is just as bad as too much exercise. Your puppy will need to exercise to develop proper muscle tone and bone structure to carry its adult weight and be a strong healthy, active dog.

Although your puppy may look big, do not allow children to pull on the legs, jump on, or lie on your puppy. Long term permanent injury could result. Always supervise your children (both the very young and the older) and teach them proper interactions with your puppy. Teasing, hitting at, and causing harm can cause your puppy to have a permanent antisocial temperament. A puppy should receive love and positive reinforcement from all members of its family.

Because Mastiffs are large, fast growing dogs and their joint development is slow; the dog’s level of exercise must be monitored closely until the age of 18 months to prevent injuries. You must monitor activity level to avoid over-exertion while insuring that the dog receives sufficient exercise. This can normally be accomplished by such means as walks or play sessions with toys. Be careful to stop when the dog shows signs of fatigue; don’t take young puppies on long walks unless you can carry them home! Particular care must be taken to insure that a puppy is not injured or over-tired by play with a mature dog. Never leave a puppy under the age of 6 months alone with adult dogs. Always supervise interaction to prevent injury to the puppy.

Remember, the time, expense, and care you provide these first few months determines a great deal of the overall size, health, soundness, and longevity of your puppy. Proper loving care will produce a most devoted companion. As Mastiff breeders and owners, we want the Mastiff to be as we call them “gentle giants” and loyal guardians with loving temperaments and proud demeanors.

At Kiokee Mastiffs, we have developed a proven track record. Our dogs are sound in body and mind. Our practices and advice is based on documented scientific facts, practical experience, and our own successes and failures. By informing you, the buyer, we hope to allow you the chance to avoid some of our errors. It is your choice whether to listen and consider.

We are always available as an information resource for you and your “new” family member. Please keep in touch.

Cathy (Catie) Arney
Kiokeemastiffs@embarqmail.com

"How Much Should my Mastiff Puppy/Dog Weigh?"

2008-03-17T10:04:00.000-07:00

As a breeder, I am often asked,” What is the average weight for a Mastiff Puppy/Dog?” My answer is that it depends on a couple of factors—the sex of the puppy, the overall bone size of a puppy, and the overall condition of the puppy.

In our breed, Mastiffs do often have a “size” difference between the males and females. Males do tend to be bigger, have larger heads, and have larger bone. Thus, as a general rule, on the average a male is going to weigh more than a female. However, there are girls who are every bit as large as the boys.

You will hear Mastiff breeders talk about “bone size”. Generally, what they are referring to is the overall circumference of the leg bones. One can see Mastiff with thin spindly reed--like legs to dogs with huge, fence post sized legs. Of course a dog with larger bone is going to weigh more—bone weight is heavier.

Puppies who are raised with not enough to eat and/or who are feed inferior food; puppies who are not wormed and stay infested with internal parasites; puppies that are kept in unclean surroundings under stressful conditions, will all have less growth and overall size at adulthood. Puppies that are sickly will be smaller as adults. This is especially true if this occurs during a rapid growth period—4-8 weeks, 10-16 weeks, and 18-30 weeks. Good care is essential for a proper start and necessary for continued proper growth and overall size.

We stress to all puppy buyers the importance of feeding good dog food. Any puppy picked up here at our home goes home with a 50# bag of Black Gold Dog Food. I have fed it for over 15 years and find it to be a great feed for my dogs. Look for the Black Gold Dog Food links the information and website to the right.

I also send each puppy buyer a copy of “Proper Feeding and Exercise for your Mastiff Puppy”—a general guideline for the new owner. It covers a lot of useful information and assists new owners in the care of their puppy. It also covers some “Dos & Don’ts” relating to activities and exercise. I have placed this information in a Blog entry—look for it.

I have put together this weight chart for Mastiffs—it is based on information from several sources. Please remember it is not written in stone, but is a general guideline. This numbers are averages and different lines develop at different rates.

A Tribute to CH. Clas Myrrdin's Morrigan HOF

2008-03-13T08:03:00.000-07:00

Morrigan

Any Mastiff owner can tell you multiple reasons why their dog is special. Mastiffs have a way of worming into your heart and filling it. Once there, you are amazed that you never knew what you had been missing and you can't imagine life without them. The love and pride you feel will lead you don't roads you never would have trod.

Take the story of Morrigan. Jim & Laura bought her as a "pet" and as she grew into adulthood realized what a wonderful dog she had become. Jim felt so strongly about Morrigan's worth, that he began looking and educating himself about the breed in general. He also began a search for a Stud dog to breed to Morrigan.

Alone the way, he realized the important of health testing--which he did and Morrigan passed all her OFAs with flying colors--she also was tested for PRA. She had "cleared" all her pre-breeding screens. Now, he just needed to find the right stud dog.

Jim located Susie Farber of Caledonia Mastiffs and found her stud dog Ford, Ch. Caledonia Built to Last, and fell in love with him. He resolved to breed Morrigan to Ford and began an earnest campaign to convince Susie his Morrigan was worthy enough to breed to Ford. After some time, Susie agreed and the breeding was done.

From that first breeding, an amazing group of dogs were whelped. Most of these dogs were placed as companion dogs in family homes, but those who were placed in show homes completed their championships easily. Susie was so pleased with what had been produced that she encouraged Jim to show Morrigan and to consider breeding her back to Ford. So a few months later, Morrigan began to show and took a 4-point major. She was then bred for her second litter.

Although all had not gone smoothly with the delivery of her first litter, both Jim and Susie were agreeable to repeating the breeding. Morrigan was slated to be bred on her next heat, because she had developed Pyrometria after her first litter and it was the advice of the vet to bred her back to back. Eight months later, Morrigan's second litter was whelped and it was at this point I met Jim, Laura, and Family.

I had found this second litter advertised on the Devine Farm site and I was estatistic about it for Morrigan is a grand-daughter of my foundation bitch, Ch. Matic's Lady Madolin of Kiokee. For several years, I had unsuccessfully searched to find a puppy from this line and had failed. It was with great delight that I contacted Jim about his litter and he agreed to place with me a beautiful brindle girl, my Boudi.

From this second litter , we took four of these special puppies to the MCOA National Speciality in French Lick Indiana in 2006. We had a great trip, met some wonderful folks and received lots of praise for our dogs. We also had the pleasure of witnessing Morrigan completing her AKC Championship in 2005. Wonderful days for us all.

Over the last 4+ years, I have had the opportunity to develop a friendship with the Bennetts. I have also met and know a few of Boudi's "extended family" and their owners. From these associations other friendships have evolved. We all share a love for our beautiful Morrigan babies. I had the pleasure of having her visit and stay with me in our home, and if possible, I love her as much as Jim and Laura do.

Jim had planned on breeding Morrigan one last time, but unfortunately it was not to be. In 2006, Morrigan was lost at age 5 1/2 due to a probable cancer discovered at Auburn University Vet school. We all cried when Jim told us of his loss. Jim had stood by her side as they put her to sleep, he then lovingly brought her home to lay at rest overlooking his home and her family. Jim could console his grief with the knowledge that Morrigan's children and grand children would continue on to other wonderful accomplishments. Each day from the front doorstep of his home, he could look out to see her live on in each one.

In the past year, I have experienced the pleasure of breeding to two of Morrigan's sons--Oscar and Trojan. Each of them have sired beautiful litters out of my girls, Reba and Sara Lee. Each of these boys have sired a daughter who has the "Morrigan Mark" (as I call it) -an hourglass shaped white patch on the lower abdomen between the hind legs. It pleases me to see this in my puppies and to know that Morrigan lives on.

Jim's dream had been to put Morrigan into the MCOA Hall of Fame. An honor bestowed on MCOA members who own a bitch that produces five or more champions. After her passing, those of us who owned her puppies made it our dream, too. In 2005, Heather Boggs of Lake Geneva, Wisconsin had finished her Tug-- Ch. Morrigan's Tug O War. In 2006, Jennifer McKemie of Lithia Springs, Georgia had finished her Oscar--Ch. Morrigan's Cu Mac Shimidh and in 2007 she finished her Chocolate-Ch. Morrigan's Godiva. In 2007, Jim finished Trojan-Ch. Morrigan's Hector. Jim's Lily and Lexus were pointed as was my Boudi. At this point, we just needed one more champion.

On March 9th, 2008, my Boudi, won her second 3-point major completing her AKC Championship making her Ch. Morrigan's Celtic Queen of Kiokee. This is also the day that beautiful Morrigan became eligible for the MCOA Hall of Fame.

I waited until, I left the show site to call Jim and our cell phone connections was terrible. After a few tries, we finally got connected so that he could hear me tell him that I had a "new Champion" in my van. For a few seconds, I heard only silence and I thought I had lost him again. With barely a whisper, Jim thanked me. I could hear the choked backed tears and I cried, too. In his search for a better phone reception, he had wandered over next to Morrigan's grave, and there he stood next to her as he got the news that we had all waited so long to hear. You could almost hear the thump of a satisfied tail. We both knew that where ever she was, she shared in our happiness as any proud Mastiff mother would.

So many events and so many people have evolved from that one single action of taking a Mastiff puppy home. Experiences and events that may have never happened except for that one decision. It's my belief, that all things happen for a reason. Morrigan was the conduit for so many life events for so many different people. Morrigan was meant for Jim, Laura, James, and Sidney.

Who says a dog can't change your life?

Cathy (Catie) Arney Kiokee Mastiffs

Dog Show Success

2008-03-10T11:54:00.000-07:00

As owners, we feel pride when our dogs win; as handlers we feel relief, but it is as breeders that we feel satisfaction when our dogs win. We place our faith, beliefs, and hopes on the line every time we walk into the ring to show; the faith and beliefs we have in our breeding program and our dogs that we are doing what needs to be done to improve and breed the best. The belief and the hope that others will see what we see in our dogs. After almost 25 years of showing, I can tell you that anything can happen.

Boudi Winning Winner's Bitch Under Judge Arley Hussin for a 3-point major!

For those who don't know, in order to get an AKC championship a dog must win a minimal of 15 points; and in it's wins two of the wins must be majors. Majors are wins where a dog is awarded a 3, 4 or 5 point win. Often getting those "majors" are all that keeps a dog from becoming a champion. Getting down to the wire and needing those majors has kept many a dog show person on the road in search of a few last wins. It has also made a few quit.

With the economy tighting, folks are being to show less and the dog show entries are down making it difficult to find shows where there are "majors". Combine that with the games some people play--I.E. Some folks enter and never show up--change their mind at the last minute. A few go the first day, get beat and leave. Some will show up, see who is entered and either pull their dog or leave if they don't think they can win.--and the owner/handler has a difficult time finishing a dog. A few of us old timers consider these actions to be "sour grapes" and just a case of poor sportsmanship and manners. It's truly a case of "when the going gets tough--the tough get going." One needs to have a strong sense of faith and belief in themselves and their dog to keep on entering and going to shows.

I have been in that position some time while showing Boudi. She is my big beautiful brindle girl that personifies all that is correct in a Mastiff. As anyone who has ever shown a Brindle will tell you--It often takes much more effort to finish that championship. Some Judges just don't like brindles and there is definitely a "color prejudice" in the Mastiff ring. Only the toughest of Mastiff owners show brindles. At time, It takes a stout heart and a tough hide to survive the dog show ring with a brindle. This past weekend we finally accomplished our goal--we obtained our championship.

We entered the shows in Hilton Head, SC and with the help of a few good friends--we built majors so as some of us could have a shot at finishing our dogs. It takes the cooperation of other breeders, owners, and handlers to show and finish dogs. NO one can finish their dogs by themself. We all must work together. We enter puppies to help make entry numbers often knowing that in most cases--they are not going to win because the older more mature dogs usually win. Each of us know that in time as our puppies and young dogs matured, our fellow exhibitors would be entering their young dogs so as to provide numbers enough for us to finish our dogs. As my grand mother would say" one hand washes the other." Thank you to all my fellow exhibitors for coming, showing and staying with your dogs. I couldn't have done it without you!

Boudi winning Winner's Bitch for her second 3-point Major and completing her new AKC Championship under Judge Robert Shreve

Boudi did go Winners Bitch both days giving her two very coveted 3-point majors and awarding her an AKC championship. By winning her championship, Boudi also help place her Dam, Ch. Clas Myrrdin Morrigan owned by Jim Bennett in Carrolton, Ga into the MCOA Hall of Fame as a top producer. For me, this is a doubly sweet victory for Morrigan is the grand-daughter of my own beloved Maddie. As I gave Jim the good news on Sunday, he was standing by the grave of his beloved Morrigan. Both Jim and I cried as I told him the news. This is a well deserved honor for a wonderful dog and owner and I am so happy that we could be a part of it.

Gidget (Kiokee Against All Odds) winning Best Puppy. She also placed 4th in the Puppy Working Group!

On Saturday, Boudi's daughter, Gidget--Kiokee Against all Odds- won Reserve Winner's bitch from the 6-9 month old class. This was Gidget's first show weekend and she hit it full stride showing the world that she is going to be a wonderful show dog. Gidget also won Best Puppy on Saturday and then won Fourth place in the Working Puppy Group later that day! What a way for a baby to begin their show career. Thank you to Crystal Landreth of Pisgah Forest Mastiffs for showing my little demon in the Winner's class and Best Puppy competition. I couldn't have done it without you! I can't want to see the Photo of the win!

It has been said, that "Joy shared is Joy doubled". For me, the best win is a win that is shared and I do share this win with all those who help make it happened. Crystal & Matthew Lambeth and Sara Elkin for your friendship and support; Jim Bennett for my Boudi and giving Morrigan a wonderful home; Kathy Roberts and Jennifer McKemie for your undying friendship and staunch support; Mitch, Leila, and Amiee--my family who has always supported me and shared my dream. You made this day very special to me. Thank you all.

Last July when Boudi and her puppies were so ill --I didn't know if I would see a day when one of Boudi's puppies would enter the show ring. To have Gidget survive was a miracle and to see the blossoming potential in her gives me hope as a breeder. To know that my win is also the win of a friend is truly sweet. This is why I own, breed and show my dogs. This is my definition of success.

Boudi Chillin' after a hard day at the dog show!

How Fast They Grow!!

2008-01-27T17:22:00.000-08:00

Gracie, Hope and Gidget

Mastiff puppies grow really fast often weighing 75 to over 100 lbs. by 5-6 months. We joke about the "thundering herd" when we let them out to play in the yard. Try scooping the yard with three of them running full hilt around you. Eventually, someone is going to clip you behind the knee, run straight into you, or give you a cold nose in the seat of your pants!! Life is never boring when you have more than one puppy!

Cold sunny days seem to be a Mastiff favorite. They love the colder weather--it makes all of them want to run and play--even the old Grand-dams--Vidalia & Zena- seem to have more spring in their step! However they would much rather get out of the way and just lay in the sun.

All three of these girls are growing well and have sweet, warm loving temperaments. Gracie and Hope are now exactly the same size--one has to look very carefully to tell them apart!! I am so proud of Hope and Gidget--both have made wonderful recoveries from their earlier set backs and are growing well. Gidget is a bit smaller than Grace and Hope but I expect she will eventually catch up.

The Terribel Three--Grace, Hope & Gidget

What you got, Mom? Something to eat?

Guard dog duty--must bark at the mailman as he walks down the sidewalk.

An "American Mastiff" is not a "Mastiff"-

2008-01-02T11:43:00.000-08:00

As a breeder of "English Mastiffs", I do get calls from owners of "American Mastiffs" looking to buy a puppy or to breed their dog to one of mine. That's almost as bad as asking the racehorse owner of a Triple Crown winner to breed to a plow horse. Unfortunately, there is a sea of misinformation about the differences and likeness of these two very different dog breeds.

The "English Mastiff"--also known as the "Mastiff" --is recognized by the American Kennel Club (AKC) and was one of the earliest breeds to be recognized and registered by AKC. It is considered by many to be one of seven "basic" dog breed types. Many other breeds have foundations built from the Mastiff breed and are considered to be Molosser Breeds. I often described them as "kinfolk" to Mastiffs--Great Danes, Bull Mastiffs, Saint Bernard's, Greater Swiss Mountain dogs, Bernese Mountain dogs, Bloodhounds just to name a few. The Mastiff is an original and is a long established breed existing since before the Middle ages.

The "American Mastiff" is a designer breed recognized by the Continental Kennel Club and has only been in existence less than 25 years. It was created by crossing the English Mastiff with a livestock guard dog breed --Anatolian Shepherd. This breed's founder stated her purpose was to eliminate genetic health problems, increase the life expectancy, and to produce a "dry Mouth" mastiff. Also often advertised as an "improved" Mastiff and marketed as a potential "new Breed", it is in fact a cross-bred--7/8 Mastiff and 1/8 Anatolian Shepherd. Many an owner of an "American Mastiff" will inform you it is the SAME dog as an "English Mastiff" only born here in "America"--thus it's an "American Mastiff". I hate to be the messenger of bad news-- but that ain't so, folks.

The "AmMa"(American Mastiff) is a designer dog created to meet a marketing need within the companion/pet dog market. Although they do appear to be very similar to an English Mastiff and are often sold for the same price-they are not the same.

A pure-bred dog can offer his owners a specific size, shape, color and temperament and will bred true. This predictability comes from years of selective breeding for traits that are desirable and away from traits that are undesirable. This is one of the reasons that every AKC breed has a "breed Standard" a guideline of sorts that states how these characteristics should appear in that breed. Thus, dogs bred by that standard will appear and be more similar than dogs bred from a mixed or random population.

An AmMa can not and will not breed true to type because of an unpredictable mixture. One can only make a guess at what color, coat, body shape, height, temperament, head will be produced in the next generation. But more importantly, by mixing the English Mastiff with the Anatolian Shepherd--the predictability of behavior and temperament-one of the most essential characteristics of the English Mastiff--is lost.

Many AmMa owners discover marked aggressive traits in their young dogs at 8-24 months ; a period of canine development when all dogs go through a fear and dominance stage. Because of the influence of the Anatolian Shepherd which is a Guarding breed-- an inborn "guarding instinct" begins to develop and these dogs can become very aggressive toward strangers and if they have not been socialized and obedience trained, very difficult to train and control. These dogs can become too aggressive for the average owner to keep and they find their once loving manageable puppy has now become an uncontrollable dominate dog. It takes a very experienced "dog savey" person to handle a dog with aggression and dominance issues. Most dog owners are poorly prepared to deal with these problems in any dog much less a giant breed.

It is at this stage that Mastiff rescue is often called to step in to take these dogs from owners who no longer want or can keep them. Currently the AmMa Breeders' Council has no rescue program and the breed founder will not accept her own dogs back when contacted by Mastiff Rescue. If the dog has been surrendered to a shelter without the registration papers, Mastiff rescue can not determine 100% of the time if the dog is an AmMA or a Mastiff. Often the determining factor is a history of aggression (has bit a family member or numerous incidents of aggression) or the dog demonstrates aggression when evaluated by the rescue volunteer. This behavior alone makes it easy to spot the difference between an AmMa and a Mastiff.

I have had the experience as a Mastiff rescue volunteer with this breed. To this date, I have only been able to place one AmMa into a home--and it bit 3 time after being placed. The owner must keep this dog secured at all times. How do I know it was an AmMa? I had the CKC papers from thw owner and it was bred by this breed's creator. (FYI--when we contacted her to see if she would take her dog back--she refused because it had been neutered and she doesn't take back neuters/spayed dogs).

As far as the claims to having superior health and longer life--the AmMa breed "founder" can not provide any documentation to support this claim. Even the tetimonials from her puppy buyers show dogs with life spans shorted by chronic diseases, cancer and other ailments. Where is that "improved" life span? The foundation dogs used--both Mastiff and Anatolian Shepherd--were not health tested and No records can be found of any Hip, elbow, or patella OFAs, no CERF exams, and no DNA PRA testing of foundation dogs. There is also no health testing on any dogs used in current breeding programs. The claims of superior health is based on "hearsay" and can not be substantiated at present. It seems that most of the "superior" health claims are based on "hybrid Vigor".

FYI- "hybrid vigor" only exist for the first generation in an F1 out cross breeding. Since AmMa are now into their 25th+ years of breeding--they are well past any influence of hybrid vigor. With out actual health testing--i.e. CERF exams, OFA of hips, elbows, patellas, hearts, and thyroid, and DNA testing-there is no proof. A few members of the AmMa breeders Council has begun to do some health testing of their breeding stock--but one generation does not "clear" a breed of health issues. Hopefully, they will also add temperament testing of Adult dogs. A CGC on a puppy is nice, but showing that your 2 year old dog passed is more impressive.

Many potential buyers flock to this new "breed" because they want to look and size of an English Mastiff, but they do not want the "drooling". Hate to break the news, but AmMa drool. too. Yes, some of them will drool less because they have a less deep muzzle--the bigger and deeper the head the more apt the dog is to drool. So if you breed a dog with a smaller more pointed nose, it will drool less. But think people, is 1/8 going to prevent a dog from drooling? Reason this thought out, folks. Besides, If you don't like drool--get a cat.

Am AmMa is supposedly 7/8 English Mastiff--so what have you improved? How have you improved the genetic makeup and health issues? Come on folks--just think for a minutes; if one begins with untested dogs, a couple of whom have unknown pedigrees (the breed creator did not even know for sure what breed the dog was!), and they NEVER test their dogs for health problems---how can you say they have "less" health problems? I will point out that it's a fact IF you don't test and look for and detect health problems--then you can state you don't have any health problems and that your dogs are "improved".

The Mastiff Club of America (MCOA) is opposed to the cross breeding of any pure bred dog for the purpose of whim and fancy. These mixed breed dogs are not less prone or exempt from know genetic diseases and problems BUT more prone to the diseases common in both breeds. An AmMa offers none of the advantages that owning a purebred Mastiffs has to offer.

Avoid the temptation to purchase a "designer Mastiff". Please do search for a reputable Mastiff Breeder who can educate and provide you with the health information of their dogs. The addition of a dog into your family should be a lifetime commitment--not a purchase based on owning the latest "new" dog breed. In some cases, your nearest animal shelter could provide you with the same designer dog at a much cheaper price.

Do be a prudent and informed buyer. Learn about our breed, visit breeders, go to dog shows and meet other owners, and research information for your self. Please do a careful study and consideration of all aspects of dog ownership BEFORE you get a dog. Make sure any dog you bring home is the right dog for you and your family.

There is only one "Mastiff"--it is an original with an established, documented history. All others are just cheap, inferior imitations. There can be only one.

I will be most happy to answer any questions about my statements and personal opinions.

Those of you who wish to own and breed American Mastiffs--I respectfully ask that you step up to the plate and take responsibility for the dogs you breed and own. Microchip your puppies before sale so as to permanently identify them; accept back the dogs you have bred when their owners can no longer keep them. Contribute to Mastiff rescue to help met some of the cost incurred rescuing and caring for your dogs. It's your right to breed them; so now become responsible for what you have produced.

Please feel free to contact me at Kiokeemastiffs@embarqmail.com.

JMO--Why Breeders Should Health Test

2007-12-26T12:59:00.000-08:00

I receive quite a few inquires about my dogs. One of the most frequent questions is, "Do you Health test. Why?"

I view health testing as a screening tool. When we OFA our dogs' hips, elbows, patellas, hearts, and thyroid we can eliminate dogs from our breeding program with these problems. ALL dogs should be DNA tested for PRA or be cleared by parentage before breeding. ALL dogs should have a CERF exam to detect other genetic eye abnormalities. By eliminating dogs with health problems, the odds for producing dogs without health problems should increase each generation.

Is it a 100% guarantee? No, it's not; some health problems can be recessive and one will never know they are there until the right two dogs are bred to create it. Yet, myself and many other breeders feel this is much better gamble for us as breeders and for you as buyers than buying a puppy from untested lines. Could you spend $5-6,000 to replace both hips in a dysplastic dog? Would you be able to care for a fearful dog blind from PRA? Would you be able to care for a dog with epilepsy?

Any dog breeder who tells you they have no genetic problems in their line is a liar. American Mastiff ( a cross breed-7/8 English Mastiff and 1/8 Anatolian Shepherd- not AKC recognized) breeders state their dogs are free of health problems often present in English Mastiffs. Yet when asked to prove this statement, they can not produce health testing to back up this statement. Where are their health testing results? There is no evidence to document any health testing done in foundation stock (as the founder claims) or in present dogs used for breeding at the "primary" breeding facility of the considered "founder" of this "breed." When asked to produce documentation and list the Mastiffs she used as her "foundation stock"--she has refused. She can provide no documentation that her "American Mastiffs" are bred from dogs clear of genetic problems or that she has health tested any of her dogs.

Can one truthfully state they know of no problems--IF they don't test? Is a 100% guarantee you will find NO problems if you DON"T health test; but your dogs are not FREE of health problems--you just don't know what you have! ALL dogs lines have genetic problems. It's only through health testing that we can detect, isolate and breed to decrease genetic problems. An ethical breeder will truthfully disclose any known health problems in their lines to puppy buyers and breed to eliminate those problems.

No breeder or owner can look at a dog move and "know" whether they have hip dysplasia, elbow dysplasia, or patella problems The same with cardiac Problems, eye problems, and vWB; but a simple exam by a qualified vet can Clear and "verify" the health status of your dog. No dog should be bred if it has genetic health problems. This is why ethical breeders health test--so as to eliminate dog with health problems from their breeding programs.

Anyone can pull up this information on the OFA site for any OFA tested dog. An informed buyer can verify the health testing of the parents, grand-parents and any other dogs they wish.
The OFA site is listed as a link here on my blog--please do verify the health information on any of my dogs.

I am proud to state that in 25 years of breeding, I have NEVER produced a dog that developed bilateral hip or elbow dysplasia nor have I ever BRED a dog that had bilateral hip/elbow dysplasia. I have never bred a dog that developed epilepsy or PRA. There are not many breeders who have breed over 20 years that can make those same statements truthfully.

I am appalled at the breeders who breed dogs with bilateral hip and elbow dysplasia, PRA, and epilepsy. There can be no justification for breeding dogs with known health problems; I don't care how much you paid for the dog, or how much you spent showing and obtaining it's AKC Championship, or who it's sire and dam are; these are not reason to justify breeding a dog with health problems. As a breeder, if two of your dogs are bred and they produce puppies with these health problems--why would you REPEAT the same breeding? The breed would be better off if you spayed/neutered the dogs and never bred them again.

I have very little respect for breeders who do not health test. I have no respect for breeders who bred dogs with or to dogs with known health or temperament problems. These type of actions do not lead to the overall betterment of our breed. To create a "designer breed" and then claim it to have "superior" overall health because of "hybrid vigor" and lack of "genetic problems"and use no health testing to establish this claim is a lie.

It is the ethical duty of all breeders to breed to improve the overall health, longevity, temperament, intelligence, and trainability of any breed. Our goal should be to produce dogs that are trainable, have an increase life expectancy and less health issues, and are a joy to live with as family companions and pets.

In the long run that's better than a Best in Show win any day. Of course, that just my opinion.

Fading Puppy Syndrome--Canine Viral Herpes

2007-11-09T12:46:00.000-08:00

As a breeder, there are always obstacles and difficulties in raising any litter of puppies. A fellow breeder once commented to me that Mastiff puppies are born with a death wish--that at times no matter how hard one works to raise them that some are going to be lost. Any Vet will tell you that a 30% death rate in a litter is AVERAGE. As a breeder, I find that totally unacceptable--so I work hard to raise every puppy we whelp.

For the first 3 weeks , breeders work to keep their puppies fed and warm. Their eyes open, and soon it's time to begin soft food. We allow ourselves a sigh of relief; we can feel a sense of relief for our first big hurtle is over. Then overnight, the puppies begin to lose weight; they don't eat or even nurse, and then they begin to die. One by one they simple "fade away" and Fail to thrive.

Often a vet can find no active disease or health reason for puppies to Fade. A very over looked possible cause is Canine viral herpes. For a breeder, it's an unbelievable nightmare. Often by the time the diagnosis is made, all the puppies have died or become too sick to survive. CVH shuts down the immunity system of the puppies allowing secondary infections to set up and often it;s theses secondary infections that kill the puppies. The puppies fail to respond to routine treatment; they present with symptoms similar to distemper or Parvo but will test negative.

Canine Viral herpes often is brought into a breeders home by a visiting dog or even your own dog who has been to a show or boarded at a kennel. One may even may contract the virus at doggy day care or the dog park. It's usually not a life threatening illness in an adult dog; a healthy dog will have a runny nose and mattered eyes for a few days. A Owner may attribute these symptoms to seasonal allergies or even a "cold." Without any special care the dog gets better in about a week. However during this time, it can infect every dog it comes in contact.

When this virus is introduced shortly after you have bred a bitch (the first 3 weeks), she will absorb her puppies. If introduced in the second 3 weeks (week 4 to 6 of her pregnancy), she will abort or prematurely deliver stillborn puppies. A bitch exposed in her last 3 weeks of pregnancy may deliver her puppies, but they will be undersized, weak, and often exhibiting poor ability to nurse. A breeder may become frustrated at the overall poor quality of these puppies. After a few days, they begin to die off one at a time, and a Vet may attribute it to "fading Puppy syndrome."

We can expose our dogs unintentionally to this virus and bring a breeder's worst nightmare into our homes. To make this lost all the more potent; in Europe there is a vaccine approved and in use to prevent CVH; however, it is unavailable to Vets and dog owners here in the United States. Two simple vaccinations given to your brood bitch can eliminate and prevent this disease from occurring. However according to sources at Merial ( the company who produces the Vaccine in Europe), FDA approval in the US may never occur because this vaccine will not "fit" the USDA requirements for Titer rise.

In July of 2007, I experienced CHV in my two Mastiff litters. Nothing the vet or we did could save 9 of the 10 puppies from the first litter. As I was reeling from the loss of these beautiful babies, my second litter at age 6 weeks began to show the same symptoms. Within 49 hours, I lost my only male from my second litter. It was at this point, I put out a plea to my fellow Mastiff owners via the Internet for help and input from anyone who had experienced the same problem with a litter.

It was through networking, with the Mastiff community and the input various breeders gave me that I began to develop a treatment plan. The virus had completes destroyed my puppies' immunity system leaving them open to any and all infections. I began my puppies on a combination of Clavamox and Metronidozole antibiotics, subcutaneous IV fluids ( Normal Saline and Lactated Ringer's) to prevent dehydration, Kayro syrup to maintain blood sugar, and Pro Biotics paste to help correct and re-establish intestinal Flora, and serum injection from one of my older dogs.

Research on the Internet lead me to try a very controversial treatment to save my puppies-the use of serum from one of my older bitches. A previous study done in England had shown that by giving puppies the serum of an older dog, a passive immunity could be passed onto the puppies. One should pick an older dog who is healthy with an intact immune system, whom has had an exposure to other dogs ( a retired show dog is an excellent example), and one who has possibly already been exposed and has developed an immunity to CVH.

CVH is a ubiquitous virus and is part of the kennel cough complex--it is extremely common, so trying to prevent it's spread between adult dogs is pointless. Transmission occurs through direct contact--simple nosing, licking, sniffing, drinking water from a common container, etc--and may also be passed through sexual contact. The ability of an infected dog to maintain antibodies is variable--some infected dogs after a few months show no antibodies and others will have an antibody level persisting for many years. An active infection will cause a four-fold ride in antibody levels within a 10-14 day period. So the highest titers will be in dogs exposed within a 3-4 week period.

I had an older bitch who fit this bill, Vidalia. She was exposed at about the same time as my litter dams, had showed a few minor symptoms but had been fully recovered for several weeks. My rationale was that she would have the highest level of antibodies to this virus. As a previous show dog--she may have also been exposed to the CVH on an earlier occassions and a re-exposure would have cause an additional rise in her titer. Thank Good, my vet was willing to try this approach, for it worked.

I began the serum injections and saved one of Boudi's puppies--my Gidget. I lost the male from Mona's litter, but save all 4 of the girls with 3 of them never getting ill. Hope was the sickest, but turned the corner in five days , began to improve and is now growing normally. (P.S. Hope completed her AKC Championship at 1 year and 15 days and is maturing into a very lovoely, completely normal bitch. Sister Gracie has also almost completed her AKC Championship annd is completely normal. Gidget is on the small side, but completely normal.)

It's an experience I hope never to repeat. Ironically, if I had been in Europe, two simple vaccinations for each of my girls would have saved all their puppies. We need this vaccination here in the United States, but due to red tape and years of paperwork via the FDA and USDA we may not see it here for another 10 years.

If the commerical breeding kennels began having a mass outbreak of CHV in their breeding facilities, I bet we would have approval of this vaccine within a few months instead of years. Money talks and the average hobby/show breeder does not produce enough "business" for the vaccine companies to make money. What ever happened to helping others? We need a researcher for canines much like Jonas Salk was for the children of the world.

I do have my "miracle Babies"--Grace, Hope, and Gidget. Go to their blogs and see my wonderful, loving babies.

All In the Family

2007-08-27T13:30:00.000-07:00

We are so please to present some of the "rest of our Family"--dogs we have bred that are loved and owned by others. A few are show dogs but most are just wonderful loving companions. So here they are doing what they do best--just being Mastiffs!

CH. Kiokee Stonehouse Sir Oliver Twist

What a show week for Ollie! Ollie was entered in the SSMF supported entry shows Friday, Saturday, and Sunday in Priceville, Alabama and won Winners dog all three days! You just can't stop a winner when they are on a roll! These pictures tell it all.

On Friday Ollie went Winners' Dog under Breeder Judge Teresa L. Hudspeth for a 4 point major (his second major).

On Saturday, Ollie went Winners' Dog and Best of Winners for his second 4-point major of the weekend under Breeder Judge James Hudspeth.

On Sunday, Ollie went Winners' Dog and Best of Winners for 2 points finishing his championship under Judge Robert J. Sherve at the age of 22 1/2 months in only 3 weekends of showing!

Ollie's first win (at 19 months and his second time in the ring) going Winner's Dog, Best of Winners and Best of Breed under Judge Don Teague for a 5-point major.

Ollie is from our Vidalia and Willie Litter. He is pictured above winning Winner's Dog for a 5 point major, Best of Winners, and Best of breed under Judge Don Teague his second time in the ring! To make this Best of Breed win all the more sweeter--It was over several special including 3 national ranked dogs. Quite a nice win for a 19 month old dog. Ollie certainly made heads turn that day! Needles to say his owner, Geri Hillgress of Canton, Georgia was speechless.

Ollie also went Winner's Dog for three days back-to back wins for two 4-point majors, and for a 2 points win to finish his championship at the Priceville, Ala. shows which were also SSMF supported entries. Anytime a dog can stand toe to toe with other Mastiffs from across the southeast and win under two breeder judges--you have an exceptional dog. What a great way to finish a championship!!

Ollie is Geri's first Mastiff and first show dog. Geri did all the right things--she took him to puppy obedience classes, socialized him and raised him to be a good canine citizen. He is a happy go lucky boy in the ring full of piss and vinegar. He is a handful but he is expertly shown by C. J. Farve, PHA. Than you CJ for ALL your hard work! Your expertise made Ollie look his best and you made both Geri and myself very proud of Ollie.

Ollie was co-bred by myself and Karen & Micheal McBee of Stonehouse Mastiffs and is a wonderful tribute to his late sire, Ch. Stonehouse Steamboat Willie. Although he was bought to be a "pet", Geri and family recognized what an exceptional dog Ollie is and agreed to show him. Boy, are we happy she did!!

Thank you Geri and family for giving our boy a wonderful loving home and letting him show the Mastiff world that a beautiful, funloving family Mastiff can be an exceptional show dog.

Stonehouse Wes By Gosh Virginia

Here is Wesley winning Winner's Dog, Best of Winners, and Best of Breed for his first 3-point major under Judge Dr. Harry Smith, shown by his owner and co-breeder Karen McBee.

Here is Wesley winning Winner's Dog and Best of Winners for his second 3-point major under Judge Dr. Ronald L. Spritzer shown by his co-breeder, Catie Arney.

Wesley is a littermate to Ollie and is owned by Karen and Miceal McBee of Stonehouse Mastiffs. Wesley is a combination of his sire and dam's best qualities. He is funloving and a bit hard-headed, but tempered with a loving and kind demeanor. Karen and Wesley visit local schools, where Wes is a "reading" dog. Wesley makes the third generation of school therapy dogs owned by the McBees.

I am so very proud of this lovely boy. We expect to see him finish his championship.

Kiokee's Mirra Image of Morrigan

Mirra winning her first points at 6 months of age under Judge Jean Fournier
Mirra is our pick puppy from our Reba (Kiokee Get "Er Done) and Oscar ( Ch. Morrigan's Cu Mac Shimidh) litter whelped 3/7/2007. Mirra is pictured above winning Winner's Bitch, Best of Winners and Best of Opposite Sex ( over an adult special) . She is being handled by her co-breeder and co-owner--Jennifer McKemie of Lithia Springs, Georgia. Mirra is also proudly co-owned by Sandra McCurry of Snellville, Georgia. This was just Mirra's second weekend out on the show circuit. What a wonderful win to begin a show career!

Kiokee Athena

Athena

Athena is also from our Reba & Oscar litter. She is owned and loved by the Tammie & Dean Anderson family in Bellevue, Nebraska. Although placed as a family companion dog, Athena is blossoming into a therapy and obedience dog. Tammie enrolled in puppy classes--just as we advise and instruct all our puppy buyers--and discovered the absolute joy of a true working dog.

Athena showed herself to be an outstanding student; so much that Tammie and Athena are now enrolled in the Bellevue Obedience Club and have begun Beginner's Classes. Her puppy class instructor and her Vet have recommended her to enroll and begin training as a therapy dog.

Jennifer, Leila, and I are so very proud of this lovely girl. Athena is just what we were hoping to produce when this litter was planned. Our goal was to produce dogs with good conformation but that were also intelligent, trainable, and loving to all. Beauty and brains--what more could you ask for in a dog?

Thank you Tammie & Dean for raising your girl to be a good canine citizen.

Kiokee Lionhearted Cleo

Cleo at 6 months of age

Cleo belongs to the Hampel Family here in North Carolina where she is the beloved family companion and pet. Cleo is out of our Mona and Max litter and is a litter sister to Paris, Hope, and Grace.

If you have any questions about our planned breedings, please contact us at kiokeemastiffs@embarqmail.com. Thank you. Catie Arney

Questions to Ask a Breeder

2007-07-19T11:37:00.000-07:00

While there maybe dogs who were bought from newspaper ads, yard signs, local thrift papers or at local flea markets that are healthy and happy, far too many are ill, poorly socialized, genetically flawed dog-catastrophes waiting to happen.

As you search for your perfect puppy and try to screen prospective breeders, here are a few thoughts and questions that could be helpful.

How long have you been in the breed? Why did you begin to bred Mastiff? What other dogs have you bred?

You probably want to avoid anyone who has "switched" breeds every couple of years, from popular breed to popular breed. Are they breeding Mastiffs Just because they get premium prices for the puppies? Look for someone with some experience with the breed. If they are new to the breed, do they have experience with a similar large breed?

Also, be very wary of people who have multiple dog breeds. It is not uncommon to find people breeding more than one kind of dog (for example, quite a few Akita breeders are also interested in Shibas), but a breeder producing litters of many different breeds of dogs and/or "designer dogs" (which are in fact mixed breeds) is not going to be your best source, and probably should be suspected as a puppy-mill or disreputable breeder.

What kind of congenital defects are present in this breed? what steps are you taking to decrease these defects? Do you do any health testing?

Avoid and run like hell for the door when anyone says "none" or "not my dogs!". There are genetic problems that are present in almost every breed. Do some research and look for the information you will need to know what kind of answer you need to get from the breeder. The Mastiff Club of America (MCOA) has a health section with lots of information on genetic problems. Devine Farms site also has lots of health information in it's article section. Both are listed as links to my blog. Tons of good dog books are available online at local book stores that can help explain health problems and health testing.

As a breeder, I can not stress how important it is for you as the buyer to have a good idea of what the correct answers should be. Find out what you need to expect before you fall in love with that cute puppy face. A breeder who can't tell you what kind of things affect their dog breed is not going to be breeding to avoid those same problems.

A reputable breeder should be able to tell you what kinds of problems might be present in Mastiffs (for example, hip dysplasia, entropian, thyroid problems, etc.) and what kind of testing is done to rule out these problems. It goes without saying that the breeder should be doing those tests on all their dogs before breeding. Any dogs that are showing signs of any of these problems should not be bred--avoid anyone who is breeding dogs with genetic problems, or who is not testing their dogs and bitches.

Do you have the parents on site? Can I see them?

For most breeders this is a trick question--most breeders will not own both dogs. They will own the mother (and you should be able to see her), but the best match for that bitch probably belongs to someone else. So. if you see both parents on site, you should be a little suspicious and ask further questions. It could mean that the breeder has a large pool of dogs and is carefully matching them to breed a certain line; or it could mean that they had two attractive dogs in their backyard and had either a planned or unplanned breeding. It's never a good idea to breed two dogs because of connivance--just because you own them does not meant they need to be bred together.

You should be able to see the mother and any other dogs on site when you visit. If the breeder hesitates, you should wonder why. Are the dogs kept in clean, healthy conditions? Are they too aggressive to let loose? You should be very comfortable with any reason not to see the dogs.

Please remember that you should not be interacting with very young puppies, and might be prevented from seeing puppies that are less than 4 weeks old. This is OK, and is simply the breeder trying to eliminate ant chance of illness in the puppies. Breeders don't know what kind of dog diseases you may be carrying, and don't want the litter to get sick.

What are the good and bad points of the parents? Do the Parents have any titles?

Breeders will usually gush and begin to enumerate all the wonderful qualities of their dogs, but the best will also point out their flaws. What you're looking for here is temperament, possible aggression, how the dogs deal and interact with people, and how they are not "perfect."

As for titles, reputable breeders show their dogs, and should be working toward a championship if not a champion already. This is important--while there are many wonderful dogs out there that haven't seen the inside of a show ring, if the breeder is truly trying to improve the breed , they will be comparing their dogs to other breeders and trying to breed dogs that match the standard. The only way to do that is to show their dogs.

Many breeders compete in obedience as well, and will have Companion Dog (CD) or other obedience titles for the parents. AKC also awards the Canine Good Citizenship (CGC) to dogs who pass a temperament certification. Dogs with Therapy Dog International (TDI) titles have also passed a test requiring obedience and temperament parameters. Titles at the end of the name are just as important as titles in the front! Any of these titles are good benchmarks to judge temperament and behavior in the parents.

Can you explain the puppy's pedigree?

A good breeder should be able to tell you something about the dogs in your puppy's pedigree. A good breeder should be able to give you a 3-5 generation pedigree on the litter. Have them explain the often cryptic letters and titles awarded, and get a good feel that they know the lines they are breeding from well. At the very least5, they should be able to provide you with a 4 generation pedigree and be able to tell you about the dogs in it.

If you see the same dogs listed a few times on the pedigree, the breeder should be able to point out any line breeding and inbreeding and explain the benefits and dangers of both.

How Many litters do you have a year?

Some small breeders may breed 1 or 2 litters every year or every other year. Most serious Mastiff show breeders breed every year and the number of litter may vary from breeder to breeder. The Mastiff Club of America accepts 8 litters every 24 months as an acceptable limit.

Definitely avoid anyone who "always has puppies", or who is breeding their bitch more frequently than twice every two years. If someone has three or more litters (especially if they note that it was "unexpected") on the ground at the same time--they are certainly not planning these puppies. All litters should be 'expected' and well planned. If they are not, it's a crap shoot as to whether you're going to get a good puppy or a nightmare.

What guarantees do you have for this puppy?

At the very least, the breeder should guarantee the puppy against any debilitating genetic problems, insure the puppy is in good health, and place these statements in a contract.

A breeder should be prepared to take back any dog for any reason--part of being a ethical breeder is making sure that the puppies they bred have good homes and that it stays that way.

When Can I take the puppy home?

Puppies usually go home between 8 and 12 weeks. Avoid anyone sending tiny puppies home.

Need more information? Contact us at kiokeemastiffs@embarqmail.com.

How to pick out a puppy--Puppy Aptitute Testing

2007-07-05T14:37:00.000-07:00

How do you pick out your new puppy? Do you choose the one with the biggest head and body? Do you pick the “boss” in the litter? How about the one who hangs back and hides? Most people haven’t got the foggiest idea of how to pick out a puppy for their family. Temperament testing a litter of puppies helps to insure that the puppy you pick will meet your needs, match your personality, and helps to ensure that a life-long bond and friendship will develop. Most individuals will spend more time picking out a second-hand car that they will trade in in 2 years than in picking out their dog.

Whether you want a couch potato, or a Best in Show winner, a good temperament test is the place to start to help you to figure out which is which. Over the last 20-30 years, many different temperament tests have been developed and used. Any temperament test will help you in one way or another.

In the 1970’s, I used the “Super Puppy Test”: this test had been utilized to determine which puppies would make the best seeing eye, hearing-ear, and drug detection dogs. I tested all my puppies, kept records and followed up at 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years of age to evaluate my results. After questioning my buyers on their needs and wants in a dog, I based the placement of my puppies on their test results. I never misplaced a puppy, nor did I have to replace any puppies. My buyers all raved how “perfect” their puppies fit into their family.

Today, I use Volhard’s Puppy Aptitude test. I have found it easy to use, interpret, and to explain results to others. It is an excellent test to help you place puppies with suitable owners and in the right family environment. It can be utilized in a breeding program to assist the breeder in determining which puppies to keep for future breeding by determining characteristic traits. A breeder who needs to correct certain behaviors (i.e. excessive shyness, aggression, sound sensitivity,) can test for these traits and choose puppies to eliminate or lessen negative behaviors. Likewise, if you want a dog for obedience or agility competition, these same tests can assist you in choosing the right puppy for you. Let’s examine puppy aptitude testing (PAT) and the how’s and whys. Please refer to the link here on My website.

VOLHARD’S PUPPY APTITUDE TEST

Wendy Volhard developed a system for testing puppies in which one could indicate the dog’s basic temperament and indicate the dog with the most obedience potential. This resulted in the development of the Puppy Aptitude Test (PAT) since it indicates which pup has the most aptitude for the desire task or purpose. When administered in a standard form, testing results at 7 weeks of age follow true into adulthood. This test can be examined and broken down into test sections. The temperament sections will exam socialization, forgiveness, dominance & passiveness, independence, and active & passive defenses. The obedience section will exam trainability, touch, sound, and sight sensitivity.

EXCITABILITY VS. INHIBIT ABILITY

This trait is an inherited tendency, which in the excitable dog makes it extremely responsive to external stimuli. Some also refer to excitability/inhibit ability as prey drive. Prey drive is important because it functions as the “stress relief” in a dog. The more you teach a dog, the higher its’ stress. Prey drive is the relief valve—it releases the pressure.

For temperament testing, we break prey drive into three sub-divisions: Ball drive, rag drive, and retrieve drive. Testing these subdivisions in a puppy can tell us where we may expect to see training problems later. For example, a pup with little or no prey drive will make a good couch potato but will be only able to handle the stress of mild household obedience. This is the conformation dog that walks into the ring with its head down, tail tucked, and stressed to the max. To expect more of this dog would be unfair to him and frustrating to you. However, if you need an agility dog or a high-level competition dog, a high prey drive would help this dog adjust and deal with specialized training.

The inhibited dog shows more self-control. This dog is more easily trained to react only upon certain cues. Obedience dogs are a good example.

The balance between excitability and inhibit ability is a poised, assure dog; a dog who rolls with the flow and adapts to his surroundings well. The extreme of excitability would be a wild uncontrollable dog. The extreme of inhibitiability would be the withdrawn, rigid and lethargic dog.

ACTIVE VS. PASSIVE DEFENCE REFLEXES:

This trait is the inherited tendency to react to stress by biting, freezing or running away, and is also called a defense drive. A dog with a strong defense drive will make an excellent watchdog. The dog with a passive defense reflex will be induced to bite only under extreme duress. A dog with little or no defense drive will show a burglar where the family silver is , supervise while he bags it up, and escort him to the door as to say, ”Have a nice day!”.

A more passive dog should be selected for a family with small children, while a single adult may want a dog with more active defense reflexes for personal protection. A more active defense reflex when combined with a tendency toward inhabitability will allow an owner to train the dog to be defensive only in specific situations. Most Mastiffs exhibit this trait.

DOMINANAT VS. SUBMISSIVE

The dominant dog is the one who would have grown up to be the pack leader if it and the other puppies had been left to grow up on their own in the wild. He will show dominant behavioral tendencies by biting, growling, mounting, direct eye contact, walking with head up, tail up, hackles up, etc. The dominant dog will have first pick of the food, places to sleep, etc. Dominance has been selected for in many terrier breeds.

A dominant dog may challenge his human master and need a constant firm, calm handling. Lack of leadership on the owner’s part with such a dog will result in the dog assuming leadership. This may result in response such as nervousness, over-protectiveness, refusal to obey, and interfering with owner’s interactions with other people. A non-obedient adult dog can present many problem for it’s’ owner.

Submissiveness is evident in the dog that accepts leadership. It is often expressed in behaviors such as nudging with the nose, pawing, tail down, ears down, crouching and rolling over on the back, lack of fighting, lack of eye contact, and submitting to command. This is a dog that can be easily influenced by his owner/leader.

The submissive dog generally responds to training and readily accepts a human leader. The extremely submissive dog will react to the slightest stress by crouching or tail tucking and may be difficult to train. It will take a lot of encouragement and very gentle handling to build confidence and help it to adapt to the stresses of living in the average household. This dog will need to have absolute confidence in its owners.

INDEPENDENCE VS. SOCIAL ATTRACTION:

The independent dog is not interested in human beings. He may be a loner or have been poorly socialized. This dog may work or hunt well on his own. Livestock guarding dogs often exhibit this trait.

The socially attracted dogs exhibits interest in people, enjoys being petted, follows humans easily, and in general wants to be where its humans are. These dogs are often described as turning into “people” and they make excellent pets for this reason.

FORGIVENESS AND TRAINABILITY-

It is also necessary to test a pup’s level of forgiveness (pain tolerance). In choosing a puppy as a family pet and companion, checking a pup’s level of forgiveness is a most crucial aspect of temperament testing. A puppy with a low level of forgiveness makes a poor candidate for almost any lifestyle. Only the most knowledgeable of trainers can manage a dog with low forgiveness. That will be clear the first time your toddler bites Rover’s ear or steps on his tail.

Trainability can also be described as a desire to please. A puppy with a high desire to please is much easier to train than one who does not care if it pleases you. Our animal shelters are full of dogs that developed bad habits and their owners could not control or train them. The easier it is to train your pup, the fewer problems you will have in your home.

TOUCH, SOUND & SIGHT SENSIVITY-

Sight and Sound sensitivity is tested in order to determine the stability of a pup’s nerves. If a dog is overly sensitive to sound and sight it will show excessive fear, crouching, urinating, or running away when confronted with a loud or sharp sound. This dog could overact to gunshots, shouted commands, children laughing and screaming as they play.

Touch sensitivity is the pup’s response to physical stimuli. The touch sensitive dog will be difficult to train with the standard training collar because the correction-snap sets off the dogs defense reflexes (biting, freezing, or running away). This is the dog that bites when he is startled by petting, or by a child stepping on its tail. The touch insensitivity dog shows little response to physical stimuli. A mighty yank on the training collar yields little response.

Summary-

It is obvious that the combination of traits (drives) or tendencies with which a puppy is born will go into the formation of its temperament. Particular combinations will result in a dog more suited for some things than others. Just because a dog has active defense reflexes does not mean it will make a good guard dog. Most owners are not looking for extreme drives in their dog. They want a dog with balance drives that will work, play, protect and settle into family life.

For example, what is commonly called a “hard” dog is often a combination of dominance and touch insensitivity. If this dog also shows a strong tendency to lead (dominant), it will be difficult to train. When the owner attempts to assert himself through a corrective snap on the training collar, the dog doesn’t respond because it cannot feel the collar. The owner must then resort to more forceful methods of correction, or use a different stimulus.

Environment plays a tremendous part in developing a dog’s potential. Genetic factors are inherited, but the traits themselves can be modified by environmental factors. By training and early experience we can greatly influence these traits. Research has shown that influence on temperament occurs in puppies at age’s 3-12 weeks. Environment and experiences have the most lasting impression on a dog. Temperament traits are generally fixed after 17 weeks of age. Temperament testing gives us the advantage of knowing what we have and where we need to go with it.

ADMINISTERING THE PAT-

Now that we have given you an idea of what we are testing for and why, let’s begin the temperament test. Although much of what we test can be used for older dogs, ideally the temperament test should be given at 7 weeks of age. At 6 weeks or earlier, the puppy’s neurological connections are not fully developed. If you test puppies between the ages of 8 to 10 weeks, special care must be taken not to frighten them since this is the time frame for the fear imprint stage. You will need to have handy a tennis ball, a stainless steel bowl and spoon, and a dish-towel size rage or scrap of fake fur.

Puppies are tested individually, away from the dam and littermates in an area free from distractions and new to them: a small enclosed yard, garage, porch, living room, or whatever. Puppies should be tested before a meal when they are awake and lively and not on a day when they have been wormed or given puppy shots.

The sequence of the tests should be the same for all puppies. The test is designed to alternate a slightly stressful test with a neutral or pleasant one. If one follows the chart format, this principle can be followed. For your connivance, we have attached a standardized form that can be copied and used which includes the test, its’ purpose, and how to score the puppy’s response.

To help eliminate human error, or the puppies being influence by a familiar person, someone should administer the test other than the owner of the litter. A friend of the owner or a prospective buyer can easily learn to give the test. I find that having a fellow breeder assess conformation and temperament helps me to determine which of my puppies are “show quality” as well as “pet quality”.

When I am asked to temperament test a litter of puppies, I always asked to observe the parents, preferably both but at least the dam. If the sire and/or the dam have undesirable characteristics, there is a good chance some, if not all of the puppies will have inherit these traits. It is my opinion that a dam with undesirable traits is more apt to pass those characteristics to her pups by heredity and by example (modeling).

If you are considering purchasing a puppy, always observe the parents. The safest and easiest thing to do when faced with undesirable temperament in the parents, is to look for another litter of puppies whose sire and dam more closely conform to you needs and ideals. If you must have a pup from this litter, pay close attention to the test scores of the litter and do not select a pup, which shows any tendency toward undesirable traits.

INTERPRETING YOUR SCORES-

Mostly 1’s-a puppy that consistently scores 1 in the temperament section of the test is an extremely dominant, aggressive puppy who can be easily provoked to bite. His dominant nature will attempt to resist human leadership; thus requiring only the most experienced of handlers. This puppy is a poor choice for most individuals and will do best in a working situation as a guard dog or police dog.

Mostly 2’s- This pup is dominant and self-assured. He can be provoked to bite; however, he readily accepts human leadership that is firm, consistent, and knowledgeable. This is not a dog for as tentative, indecisive individual. In the right hands, he has the potential to become a fine working dog or show dog and could fit into an adult household, provided the owners know what they are doing.

Mostly 3’s-This pup is outgoing and friendly and will adjust well in situations in which he receives regular training and exercise. He has a flexible temperament that adapts well to different types of environment, provided he is handles correctly. May be too much dog for a family with small children or an elderly sedentary couple.

Mostly 4’s- A pup that scores a majority of 4’s is an easily controlled, adaptable puppy whose submissive nature will make him continually look to his master for leadership. This pup is easy to train, reliable with kids, and, though he lacks self-confidence, makes a high –quality family pet. He is usually less outgoing than a pup scoring in the 3’s, but his demeanor is gentle and affectionate.

Mostly 5’s- This pup is extremely submissive and lacking in self-confidence. He bonds closely with his owner and requires regular companionship and encouragement too bring him out of himself. If handled incorrectly, this pup will grow up very shy and fearful. For this reason, he will do best in a predictable, structured lifestyle with owners who are patient and not overly demanding, such as an elderly couple.

Mostly 6’s-A puppy that scores 6 consistently is independent and uninterested in people. He will mature into a dog who is not demonstrably affectionate and who has a low need for human companionship. In general, it is rare to see properly socialized pups test this way: however there are several breeds that have been bred for specific tasks (such as basenjis, hounds, and some northern breeds) which can exhibit this level of independence. To perform as intended, these dogs require a singularity of purpose that is not compromised by strong attachments to their owner.

The remainder of the test is an evaluation of obedience aptitude and working ability and provides a general picture of a pup’s intelligence, spirit and willingness to work with a human being. For most owners, a good companion dog will score in the 3 to 4 range in this section of the test. Puppies scoring a combination of 1’s and 2’s require experienced handlers who will be able to draw the best aspects of their potential from them.

Below are record testing forms for the PAT.

Our Boys-

2007-07-05T12:34:00.000-07:00

Everyone always asks, "How big are your dogs?"; and since it's the males that are the largest, everyone wants to see the boys. I do not place a premium on size--size alone does not make a good Mastiff. I prefer a well balanced dog who carries a proper weight for his age and overall size. Having said that I can truthfully state that my boys do not finish filling out and growing until they are 2 1/2 to 3 years old and most average 190 to 220 lbs.. My line matures slower than some, but my dogs stay sound and healthy well into old age. I will take that trait any day over a faster maturing line that has health problems later in life.

Ch. Kiokee Drunk in Publick Too --"Cooter"

This is Cooter at 22 months and at about 185 lbs.

Paternal Grand Sire-C. Skamania's Tug Beau-T HOF
Sire-Ch. Skamania's Dusk to Dawn
Paternal Grand Dam-Storm Sweet Dreams Skamania
Maternal Grand Sire-Ch. Ironhills Doorman to Mt Moriah
Dam-Kiokee Private Dancer
Maternal Grand Dam-Kiokee Warrior Princess

Cooter is co-owned by myself and my daughter, Leila Airhart. Cooter is a very large boy--about 33 inches at the shoulder with a very large frame and bone size. He has a level topline and a well angle rear. He also has a deep chest and nice wide chest. He has a very dark mask and eyes with a slightly undershot bite. He is friendly and outgoing and very non-aggressive.

Cooter's health testing is listed on the OFA site. He is available to health tested bitches of merit.

Here is Cooter on His big day finishing his AKC Champioship from the Bred BY Exhibitor Class going Winner's Dog, Best Of Winners, and Best of breed under Judge Mrs. Carylon Herbel.

Spicewoods Power Stroke--"Diesel"

Paternal Grand Sire-Ch. Enchanted Acres Trust Me
Sire-Ch. Spicewoods I Go To The River
Paternal Grand Dam-Ch. Elizabeth of Heavensgate
Marernal Grand Sire-Ch. Spicewoods I Go To The River
Dam-Ch. Spicewoods It's A Good Thing
Materanl Grand Dam-Ch. MistyMeadows Forget-Me-Not

Diesel was bred by Gina and Mike Moore of Spicewoods Mastiffs in Fort Royal, Va. and they have graciously agreed to co-own this beautiful boy with me. He is line bred out of Ch. Enchanted Acres Trust Me and Hedgestone's Big Man--two more of my favorite mastiffs. I consider his pedigree to be pure gold. Diesel is a proven stud dog and a natural breeder--the boy knows his "stuff"! Like most Mastiffs, he needs a a moment or two to warm up to you, but the he is sweet, loving, and friendly to all. He will wrap himself around you like a big cat!

We will be completing his health testing--he is has an OFA excellent for his hips and a normal for his elbows, Thyroid and cardiac OFAs. He is DNA PRA clear by parentage. We will be completing a CERF exam, and Cystinurnia testing in the near future. He is a dog that can contribute positively to a breeding program.

After we gave him a few weeks to settle in, we began his show career and he only needs one more major to complete his AKC Championship! We have a couple of very exciting litters planned for him in 2010. Diesel is available to health tested bitches of merit.

If you need any information about any of "Our Boys"--contact me at kiokeemastiffs@embarqmail.com

Our Girls-

2007-07-05T12:33:00.001-07:00

Most of my girls are either daughters or great-grand daughters of Mattie. Boudi is my exception--she is a great-great grand daughter. I prefer bitches that look feminine--I do not tend to keep "doggy-looking" bitches. I like for my girls to look like girls.

Some of my girls are show dogs--some are just dogs, but all are sound and fully health tested. I am often asked why I would breed a bitch or a dog that is not a champion. My answer is that some dogs don't like to show--just like some kids do not like to play football or basketball--some want to be on the debate or chess team. It could be the noise, the confusion, all the strange smells--who knows--Mastiffs are very sensitive and can stress easily--dog shows are stressful.

If a dog does not like showing--I see no sense in making a dog do something they don't like--there is just no fun in it for me or them. There is no more miserable sight in the world than a stressed out Mastiff dragging his feet and hanging his head in the ring. The joy in showing your dog is when the dog enjoys showing and is happy in the ring. I try and convince all my dogs that showing is fun--and we do win sometimes!!

Sometimes the best dogs are just that--dogs.

Ch. Morrigan's Celtic Queen of Kiokee

Here is Boudi on her big day--New Champion! Thank you Mr. Robert Shreve!

Paternal Grand Sire-Int.Am.Ch. Iron Hills Bar Open All Night

Sire-- Ch Caledonia Built to Last HOF

Paternal Grand Dam-Ch. Caledonia Night Moves

Maternal Grand Sire-Running Bear's Thor's Rocktop

Dam-Ch. Clas Myrrdin's Morrigan HOF

Maternal Grand Dam-Rocky Top's Little Ann

Boudi is my big fawn brindle girl bred by Jim Bennett of Morrigan's Mastiffs. Her Maternal Grand dam is the litter sister to my Zena & Hercules--Little Ann. We are so very happy to be able to add this bloodline back into our dogs.

Boudi is fully health tested and holds a CHIC Health Award (#36360). She is a very large bitch weighing well over 190 lbs. She has very large bone, a sound structure with a strong rear and a deep wide front. She has a lovely head with a perfect scissor bite. She is beautiful mover with excellent balance. She is loving and has a rock steady temperament--nothing fazes her!!

Boudi finished her championship in March 2008 with two back to back 3-point majors. To make this day doubly sweet, her championship placed her Dam, Ch. Clas Myrrdin's Morrigan into the MCOA Hall of Fame for top producers. What a wonderful way to finish a championship!

Boudi is offically retire from our breeding program.

Kiokee Private Dancer

Tina

Paternal Grand Sire-BISS. Ch. Iron Hills InTo the Night

Sire-Ch. Ironhills Doorman to Mt. Moriah

Paternal Grand Dam-Ch Iron Hills Little Earthquake

Maternal Grand Sire-Rocky Top Flaming Gambit

Dam-Kiokee Warrior Princess

Maternal Grand Dam-Ch. Matics Lady Madolin of Kiokee

Tina is my apricot brindle daughter out of my Zena. She and her brother, Solomon, are the only two puppies ever produced by Zena. Needless to say, she is a very special bitch to me.

Although not a big bitch--she was extremely sound and typy. Tina passed all her health testing and was awarded a CHIC Health Award (#31188). She is the dam of our boy, Cooter.

Tina was shown as a young bitch, but received a brown recluse spider bite to her chest which sidelined her show career for a time. During this time she became a mother producing the only litter ever bred from our Hercules. Due to complications during the pregnancy--we were advised to breed her back to back heats. So her second litter was out of Tammi & Dave Kuhn's Butters--Ch. Skamania Dusk To Dawn.

She returned to the ring--but her heart was not in showing--so we retired her with 6 points. She is now officially retired from our breeding program-she is spayed and lives in her new adoptive home in Myrtle Beach, SC.

Kiokee Vidalia

Paternal Grand Sire-Kiokee Walk Your Talk

Sire-Ch. Kiokee Devil Came To Georgia

Paternal Grand Dam-Rocky Top Lady Eowyn Natura

Maternal Grand Sire-BIS. Ch. Pinehollow Caledonia's Jackson

Dam-Ch. Matic Lady Madolin of Kiokee

Maternal Grand Dam-Ch. Pinehollows Beansi Buffamatic

Vi is one of the two puppies bred from my Maddie and Taz--she is the only Taz daughter to ever have produced puppies. I was never successful in breeding her sister, Vesta. I bred her to Ch. Skamiani's Tug Beau-T at age 4 1/2 producing 10 puppies and her second and last litter to Ch. Stonehouse Steamboat Willie Producing 8 puppies at 7 years of age!! My Reba, Mona, Toby & Big Man are from the Tug & Vi Litter; Sara Lee, Else, Westly and Ollie are from the Willie & Vi Litter. Toby and Ollie are finished AKC champions: Sara Lee, Reba, and Westly are pointed.

Vi never like showing--but she is pointed. She injured the tip of her tail and we had to amputate part of it--so her show career ended. She is one of the old retired grand dams here at the house. She was 11 years old this past June (2008), and is still going strong--she can still put the fear of God into any stray cat who wanders into the yard!! Even at her age she is an active, strong, sound dog. She is a good example of a strong, sound, productive bitch with good breeding who produces as good or better than herself.

As a general rule, I don't breed my girls after age 4 1/2: Vi is an exception. Due to family illness, I was unable to bred her untill then. Most Mastiff bitches can not concieve and carry puppies easily after the age of 4 years. Vi never missed a step--she was bred, carried and delivered of her puppies without any health problems. A testimony to her soundeness , exceptional overall health, fertility, and longivity.

Edit note: Vi passed on this past spring (May 2009) a month short of 12 years old. We brought her ashes home and placed in the yard in her favorite "sunning" spot.

Vi surpassed herself as a brood bitch--producing pups better than herself. She produced some wonderful loving dogs who have made excellent family pets, companions and show dogs. We currently have her grand pups to love and raise. We are very proud of her.

Kiokee Get 'Er Done

Reba winning her 1st Major (3-points) under Judge Barbara Dempsey Alderman.

Paternal Grand Sire-Int.Am Can. Ch. Colton's Beauregard HOF
Sire-Ch. Skamania Tug Beau-T HOF
Paternal Grand Dam-Am.Can.Ch. Moonstone's Skamania Jasmine
Maternal Grand Sire-Ch. Kiokee Devil Came To Georgia
Dam-Kiokee Vidalia
Maternal Grand dam-Ch. Matics Lady Madolin of Kiokee

Reba is one of our Vi daughters. She is co-owned and loved by my daughter, Leila. She is very much the spoiled princess and a confirmed couch potato. She is smart, funny, sassy, and loving. She looks very much like her dam, Vi--but I see traces of her grand dam, Maddie, in her too! She never meets a stranger, loves to go places, and demands to be the center of attention. In short--she is a Mastiff princess!

Reba just chillin' after a hard day at the dog show!

Reba passed her health testing without any problems--as we expected!! She and her littermates make the 5th generation of health tested Kiokee Mastiffs.

We made the decision to hold off showing her until she matured--and we bred her this past spring to Boudi's brother, Oscar--Ch. Morrigan's Cu Mac Shimidh. They produced a wonderful litter which includes, LuLu, Trooper, and Mirra. Lulu lives here in Hickory with the Bush Family; Trooper is co-own with the Williams family in Statesville, NC; and Mirra lives with daddy Oscar and grand-momma Jennifer. Go to our "Rising Stars" section to see 2 of these beautiful babies. We hope to show all these lovely babies as they mature and to complete momma Reba AKC championship in the next oncoming months.

We do have future breedings planned for Reba. Please watch for blog posts to announce their arrival!!

Kiokee Daddy's Money

Mona

Paternal Grand Sire-Int.Am.Can.Ch. Coltons Beauregard HOF

Sire-Ch. Skamania's Tug Beau-T HOF

Paternal Grand Dam-Am.Can.Ch. Moonstone's Skamania Jasmine

Maternal Grand Sire-Ch. Kiokee Devil Came To GeorgiaDam-

Kiokee Vidalia

Maternal Grand Dam-Ch. Matics Lady Madolin of Kiokee

Mona is my other Tug & Vi daughter--she has a bigger head and more bone size, but is much more reserved. She has a rock solid topline, a well angulated rear, and a deep wide front. She has beautiful dark pigment in her mask and ears, and very dark eyes. She has beautiful well balanced movement.

Mona easily passed all her health testing and was awarded a CHIC health award (#36531) as we expected. Like her sister, Reba, Mona is a product of 5 generations of our breeding and health testing.

Mona loves water--as do all her babies! She is loving and accepting to all who come to our home. She is a wonderful mother--even serving as a substitute mother nursing puppies from another litter. What more could you ask from a brood bitch?

She is a bit insecure at the dog shows--all the noise and commotion is unsettling to her. Since the whole dog show experience was not positive for her--we decieded to just let Mona do what she loves best--stay at home.

We bred Mona in Late Summer 2009 to RuthAnn and Dale Synder's Boss (Intl. Am Ch. Magnum's One Ton Speed Wagon) and she delivered 2 beautiful Brindle Males on Nov. 13th, 2009. Sadly, we lost Mona shortly after the c-section. We will miss her.

Kiokee Stonehouse Sara Lee

Sara Lee at 22 month of age

Paternal Grand Sire-Ch. Stonehouse Country Vagabond
Sire-Int. & Am. Ch. Stonehouse Steamboat Willie CGC
Paternal Grand Dam-Int. & Am. Ch. Stonehouse Miss Mallory
Maternal Grand Sire-Ch. Kiokee Devil Came to Georgia
Dam-Kiokee Vidalia
Maternal Grand Dam-Ch. Matics Lady Madolin of Kiokee

Sara is our pick bitch from our Vi & Willie Litter. She is a high energy mastiff; full of life and vigor. She is fun loving and outgoing. She is wonderful with our younger puppies and plays loving big sister to them.

We had plans to show her in 2009 and hopefully finish her AKC championship. However due to a torn Cruicate--her show career has been shelved for the present. She resides with her co-breeders--Karen and Micheal McBee.

Sara Lee has completed her health testing and has produced one litter. We do not have any breeding plans for her at present.

It has been said that the heart of any breeding program is it's bitches. No breeder can hope to breed good dogs if their bitches are less than good. As a breeder, I have always placed soundness, overall health, and temperament first in my breedings. I have no problem putting any of my girls up as an example of a good, sound, healthly Mastiff.

If you need any information about our planned breedings, please contact us at kiokeemastiffs@embarqmail.com. Thank you.